大学生生源地对择业地域倾向的影响：学校认同的中介作用——以湖北大学为例

The Influence of the College Student Birthplaces on Employment-Based Regional Tendencies: School Identification as Mediator—The Case of Hubei University

摘要: 作为“新一线”城市和教育大都市的武汉拥有丰富的人才资源，但人才流失问题一直阻碍着城市的发展。近年来推出的各类人才政策初见成效，如何根据武汉市大学生的特点改善相应政策，以期留住更多的人才以及更长久地留住人才是目前关注的焦点。本研究以湖北大学为例，调查分析了生源地对大学生择业地域倾向的影响，以及学校认同的中介作用。并由此得出结论：生源地对择业地域倾向有显著的直接影响，学校认同在生源地对择业地域倾向的影响中起部分中介作用。即生源地为湖北省(非武汉市)的大学生留汉就业的意愿更强，不同生源地大学生的留汉就业意愿受其学校认同的影响。且大四学生生源地对留汉就业倾向的直接影响和学校认同的中介作用显著，大三学生不显著。性别对择业地域倾向无影响。据此对武汉市如何留住人才提出建议：通过改善大学的学习生活环境，加强大学生对学校的归属感和依赖感来提高大学生的学校认同和对武汉市的地方认同，从而增强其留汉就业的意愿。其次，加强对大三学生的留汉政策宣传，为大三学生准备留汉就业提供切实可行的指导。

Abstract: As a “new front-line” city and an educational metropolis, Wuhan has abundant talent resources, but the problem of brain drain has always hindered the city’s development. Various talent policies introduced in recent years have begun to bear fruit. How to improve the corresponding policies based on the characteristics of Wuhan university students to retain more talents and retain them for a longer period of time is the focus of attention. Taking Hubei University as an example, this study investigates and analyzes the impact of student origin on college students’ regional preferences and the mediating role of school identification. From this, it is concluded that the place of birth has a significant direct impact on the regional tendency of choosing a career, and school identification plays a part of the mediating role in the influence of the place of birth on the tendency of choosing a career. That is to say, the college students whose origins are in Hubei Province (non-Wuhan City) are more willing to work in Han. Undergraduates of different origins are willing to work in Han to be affected by their school identification. In addition, the birthplace of senior students has a direct impact on the employment tendency of students studying in Han and the mediating role of school identification is significant, while junior students are not significant. Gender has no effect on the regional orientation of job selection. Based on this, we provide suggestions for retaining talents in Wuhan: improve the university’s learning and living environment and strengthen college students’ sense of belonging and dependence on the school to improve their school identity and local identity in Wuhan, so as to enhance their employment will. Second, strengthen the promotion of junior students’ policies on studying in China, and provide practical guidance for junior students preparing for employment in Wuhan.