聚光光热腔式集热器的结构优化

Structure Optimization of Concentrating Solar-Thermal Cavity Receiver

摘要: 聚光光热集热器在光热发电系统中是一个关键部件，其性能直接影响光热电站的效率，因此对其结构优化研究有着重要的意义。本文对5种不同形状的集热器进行了数值模拟，结果表明球形集热效果最佳；针对球形集热器分析了不同开口比(S1/S2)对光学性能的影响以及不同倾角对对流热损的影响。结果表明：随着S1/S2的降低，集热器的反射光损减小，结合集热器的内部温度场得出最佳开口比为1/8；随着采光口面积增大，集热器内部低温对流换热区域增大，对流热损增大；随着采光口倾角增加，对流热损随之下降。

Abstract: The concentrating solar-thermal collector is a key component in the solar-thermal power generation system, the performance of which directly affects the efficiency of solar-thermal power plant. Therefore, it is of great significance for the structural optimization research of the concentrator. In this paper, five kinds of collectors with different shapes are numerically simulated. The results show that the spherical collector is the most efficient one. The effects of different aperture ratios (S1/S2) on optical performance and different inclination angles on convective heat loss are analyzed for the spherical collectors. The results show that the reflected light loss of the collector decreases with the reduction of S1/S2, and the optimal aperture ratio of the collector is 1/8 combined with the internal temperature field. With the increase of the lighting port area, the area of low-temperature convective heat transfer inside the collector increases, and the convective heat loss increases at the same time. Convective heat loss decreases with the increase of inclination angles.