追求之路的始与终——论中岛敦《李陵》

From the Beginning to the End of the Pursuit—On Nakajima Atsushi’s Riryo

摘要: 中岛敦在《李陵》中描绘了李陵、司马迁、苏武三人的追求，展现出彼此不同的道路。通过分析文本，解决“对于李陵来说‘节’代表着什么”、“对于司马迁来说修史有什么意义”等问题，可以总结出三位主人公追求的原点、转折点及最终结果。三人在追求过程中的能动性和最终结果上存在的差别形成对照。深入分析后得知，苏武的追求完全成功是理想化的结果；司马迁的追求取得部分成功是由于他拥有自省的能力，从而获得了支持自己追求的坚定力量，这也正是李陵所欠缺的。通过描写三个人物追求的始与终，《李陵》揭示出在追求之路十分艰难的现实世界中，只有思考带来的力量可以支持追求走向实现。

Abstract: In Riryo, Nakajima Atsushi describes the pursuits of Li Ling, Sima Qian and Su Wu, showing their different paths. By analyzing the text and solving the questions such as “what does ‘jie’ represent to Li Ling” and “what does it mean to Sima Qian to make history”, the origin, turning point and final result pursued by the three characters can be summarized. The three’s motivation and the end result contrast with each other. After in-depth analysis, we know that Su Wu’s pursuit of complete success is an idealized result; part of the success of Sima Qian’s pursuit was due to his ability of introspection, which gave him the firm strength to support his pursuit that Li Ling lacked. Through the description from the beginning to the end of the three characters’ pursuit, Riryo reveals that in the real world where the pursuit is very difficult, only the power brought by thinking can support the pursuit towards realization.