低频段负泊松比夹层结构减振设计与分析

Design and Analysis of Sandwich Structure with Negative Poisson’s Ratio for Vibration Reduction in Low Frequency Range

摘要: 基于有限元方法，将负泊松比超材料应用于常见夹层结构，探究减振设计方案。在一定设计区域内，分别用不同比例的星形胞元进行周期排列，组成均匀刚度负泊松比夹层结构并进行谐响应分析，得出结构承载性、吸能性与刚度之间的关系，为了提升低频振动衰减效果，提出变化刚度的设计思想。数值计算结果表明相比均匀刚度结构，变化刚度结构一方面拓展了具有减振效果的低频段频带范围，另一方面还一定程度降低了对应位置评价点的输出加速度级。因此胞元层刚度的合理配置有助于改善振动能量在传输路径上的分配，优化振动控制效果。

Abstract: Based on the finite element method, negative Poisson’s ratio metamaterials were applied to common sandwich structures to explore the design scheme of vibration reduction. In a certain design area, different proportions of star-shaped cells are used for periodic arrangement to form a uniform stiffness sandwich structure with negative Poisson’s ratio, then perform harmonic response analysis to obtain the relationship between structural load-bearing capacity, energy absorption and stiffness. In order to improve the attenuation effect of low-frequency vibration, a design idea of variable stiffness was proposed. Numerical simulation results show that on the one hand, the variable stiffness structure expands the low frequency band with damping effect compared with the uniform stiffness structure; on the other hand, it also reduces the output acceleration level of the corresponding location evaluation point to a certain extent. Therefore, reasonable arrangement of stiffness is helpful to improve the distribution of energy on the transmission path and optimize the vibration control effect.