童年期创伤经历大学生的创伤后成长与性格优势关系

Posttraumatic Growth and Character Strengths in College Students with Childhood Trauma

摘要: 目的：探究有童年期创伤经历大学生的创伤后成长与性格优势的关系。方法：以方便抽样的方法在广东某医科大学大学生中选取被试。使用《儿童期不良经历自我评量》、《创伤后成长评定量表》和《中文长处问卷》对数据进行收集。结果：(1) 有童年期创伤经历大学生最显著的5种性格优势依次为公平、领导力、爱、正直、感恩；(2) 无创伤个体的爱、生机活力、洞察力、希望、社交智慧、勇气、信念、坚持、谦虚九种性格优势比有创伤个体表现更突出；(3) 24种性格优势均与创伤后成长显著正相关；(4) 善良、领导力、自我控制、生机活力、感激可以正向预测创伤后成长中与他人关系，坚持和对美的欣赏起负向预测作用；信念、希望、领导力可以正向预测个人力量；信念、公平可以正向预测新的可能性和对生活的欣赏。结论：对于有童年期创伤经历的大学生个体，性格优势对创伤后成长的水平存在影响作用，培养其性格优势可以有效促进创伤后成长。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the relationship between posttraumatic growth and character strengths of college students with childhood trauma. Methods: A convenient sampling method was used to select subjects from a medical university in Guangdong. Data were collected using the Adverse Childhood Experiences, the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory and the Chinese Virtues Question-naire. Results: (1) The top five character strengths of college students with childhood trauma were fairness, leadership, love, authenticity, and gratitude; (2) The love, zest, perspective, hope, social, bravery, belief, perseverance and modesty of the non-traumatized individuals were more prominent than those of the traumatized individuals; (3) 24 character strengths were significantly positively correlated with posttraumatic growth; (4) Kindness, leadership, regulation, zest, and gratitude were positive predictors of relationships with others in posttraumatic growth, while perseverance and beauty were negative predictors. Belief, hope and leadership positively predicted personal strength in posttraumatic growth. Belief and fairness positively predicted the new possibilities and the appreciation of life in posttraumatic growth. Conclusion: For college students with childhood traumatic experience, character strengths have an effect on the level of posttraumatic growth, and cultivating their character strength can effectively promote posttraumatic growth.