基于Anylogic教学楼内小学生群体疏散研究

Research on the Evacuation of Elementary School Group in Teaching Building Based on Anylogic

摘要: 小学生群体因其特有的一些心理行为特性，已成为校园拥堵踩踏事故的高发对象。本文以某典型四层小学教学楼建筑物为研究对象，利用基于社会力模型的行人仿真软件Anylogic，借助Multi-Agent技术对多层教学楼内的小学生群体疏散情况进行仿真模拟与分析，在此基础上，针对拥堵节点，提出了不同的疏散策略。仿真结果表明：疏散时针对楼梯宽度合理分配楼梯，可以有效降低学生群体的总疏散时间；加入引导路径可以合理分流人群，减少楼梯口拥堵，规避踩踏事故的发生；将中年级学生布置在二层时，学生群体的疏散效率最高。本文的研究结果可为教学楼内小学生群体的疏散方案设计提供参考。

Abstract: Primary school students have become the high target of trampling accidents due to their peculiar psychological and behavioral characteristics. Regarding a typical four-story primary school building as the research object, the pedestrian simulation software Anylogic based on the social force model and Multi-Agent technology are used to simulate and analyze the evacuation of the group of primary school students in the multi-story teaching building. For the congested nodes, different evacuation strategies are given. The simulation results show that the reasonable allocation of stairs according to the width of the stairs during evacuation can effectively reduce the total evacuation time of the student group. To add a guiding path can divert the crowd, reduce the congestion at the stairway, and thus avoid the occurrence of trampling accidents. In addition, when middle-grade students are arranged on the second floor, the evacuation efficiency of the student group is the highest. The research results can be referred in designing the evacuation schemes of the primary school students in the teaching building.