考虑乘客出行偏好的需求响应公交系统设计

Demand Response Bus System Design Considering Passenger Travel Preferences

摘要: 本文提出了一种需求响应型公交系统的数学模型，以此满足大规模的公交运行网络下密集的乘客乘车需求，并有效提高公共交通系统的服务质量与可达性。此方法的设计原理主要是通过引导乘客到达距离最近的公交车站，并合理安排公交车将乘客顺利送至交通系统中的换乘枢纽站点。为此，本研究提出了一种多目标混合整数线性规划模型，目的是找到能够使乘客步行距离、公交运行时间、乘客偏好乘车时间窗与车辆到达时间窗差值均为最小值的公交运行线路。针对这一混合整数规划模型，进一步提出了基于蚁群算法框架的三阶段混合启发式算法。最后引入一个具体的面向实际路网的案例对本次研究中构建与开发的模型和算法进行有效性分析。

Abstract: In this paper, a mathematical model of Demand Responsive Transit system is proposed considering the intensive passenger demand in large-scale public transport network, to effectively improve the service quality and accessibility of urban transit system. The design logic of this method is to guide passengers to the nearest bus station, and dispatch buses reasonably to transport passengers to the connected station of the major transit system. Therefore, this paper proposes a multi-objective mixed integer linear programming model, which aims to design the bus routes that can minimize the difference between passenger walking distance, bus traveling time, and the difference between the passenger preference time window and vehicle arrival time window. For this mixed integer programming model, a three-stage hybrid heuristic algorithm based on ant-colony algorithm framework is proposed. Finally, a specific case applied to the real road network is introduced to analyze the effectiveness of the proposed model and algorithm in this research.