权力体验对时间知觉的影响——基于体验认知的影响

The Influence of Power Experience on Time Perception —Based on the Experience of Cognitive Impact

摘要: 以往研究体验认知的科研人员认为，概念是通过身体的感觉运动获得的，概念思维则是由具体的感知觉运动信息的表征构成的，不同情景下的概念思维会影响人们的时间感知。为了验证这个观点，本实验试图通过被试对权力词语呈现时间的判断来考察，人们对权力词语的表征认知是否会对时间知觉产生影响。本实验结果表明，34名被试在对表示权力的词语(高权力词、低权力词、中性词)进行的时距判断过程中，相较于中性词和低权力词，被试会倾向于显著地高估表示“高权力”的词语呈现时间；但对表示中性和低权力的词语两者呈现的时间并无显著的估计偏向。这或许揭示了被试可能对相同或类似的环境和活动状态进行了心理模拟，导致内部时钟频率变化，进而产生了主客观时距的估计偏差。本实验在一定程度证实了体验认知对时间知觉过程存在一定的影响。

Abstract: Previous studies believed that from the perspective of experiential cognition, concepts are ob-tained through sensory movements of the body, while conceptual thinking is constituted by the representation of specific sensory movement information. Different scenarios of conceptual thinking will affect people’s perception of time. In order to verify this point of view, this experi-ment used subjects to judge the presentation time of power words to examine whether the cognition of the representation of the concept of power words would have an impact on the perception of time. The results of this experiment showed that in the process of time-distance judgment on words expressing power (high-power words, low-power words, and neutral words), subjects tended to significantly overestimate words expressing “high power” the presentation time, but there was no significant bias in the estimation of the presentation time of words representing neutral and low power. This may reveal that the subjects may have carried out psychological simulations of the same or similar environment and activity state, leading to changes in the internal clock frequency, which in turn resulted in a bias in the estimation of subjective and objective time intervals. This experiment proves to a certain extent that experience cognition has a certain influence on the process of time perception.