我国残疾人就业差异：多维视角的分析

Employment Differences of Disabled People in China: An Analysis from Multidimensional Perspective

摘要: 残疾人就业问题是残疾人事业发展的重要一部分。本文从区域层面、城乡层面以及就业形态方面几个视角对我国残疾人就业差异问题进行了分析。研究结果显示：我国残疾人就业在多方面存在较大差异，经济发达的东部地区残疾人就业率明显低于西部地区，东部和中部的差异有缩小趋势；农村残疾人就业率显著高于城市，两者差异在近几年基本保持稳定；多种就业形态差异明显，农村残疾人以从事农业种养殖为主，灵活就业已逐渐成为我国残疾人主要就业形态之一。未来可考虑通过实施有区别的政策，鼓励城乡间残疾劳动力资源有条件的流动，积极探索多种就业新形态，促进残疾人全面有质量的就业，缩小区域就业差异。

Abstract: The employment of the disabled is an important part of the disabled cause. From the perspectives of regional level, urban-rural level, and employment patterns, this article analyzes the employment differences of the disabled in China. The results show that there are large differences in employment of the disabled in several areas. The employment rate of persons with disabilities in the economically developed eastern areas is lower than that in the western region, and the difference between the eastern and central regions has a narrowing trend. The employment rate of the disabled in rural areas is significantly higher than that in urban areas, and the difference between the two has remained stable in recent years. In addition, there are obvious differences in various forms of employment. Rural disabled are mainly engaged in agricultural planting and breeding. Flexible employment has gradually become one of the main employment forms for the disabled in China. In a conclusion, we can consider implementing differentiated policies to encourage the conditional flow of disabled labor between the urban and rural, actively explore a variety of new forms of employment, thus promoting comprehensive and quality employment, and reducing employment gaps between regions.