废铁再利用制备超疏水聚氨酯海绵用于油吸附研究

Preparation of Superhy-drophobic Polyurethane Sponge from Reused Iron Scrap for Oil Adsorption Study

摘要: 由于石油产业的日益发展，海上溢油事故频繁发生，开发出一种低成本、高效率的油水分离技术成为现今研究任务之一。本论文利用废铁中的铁离子与单宁酸(TA)的络合反应对聚氨酯海绵的表面进行基础改性，进而在海绵基材上引入十六烷基硫醇进行疏水改性。利用红外光谱对改性海绵的化学结构进行表征，通过接触角测量仪测试其疏水性，利用对比实验、水下吸油实验、油水分离实验和重复使用性实验测试了改性海绵的实际应用能力。结果表明，改性海绵的水接触角可以达到140˚以上，并具有良好的油水分离能力，并展示出优异的循环使用性能。该方法具有价格低廉、工艺简单等优点，对资源的再利用及环境保护具有重大的意义。

Abstract: Due to the increasing development of the oil industry and the frequent occurrence of offshore oil spills, developing a low-cost and high-efficiency oil-water separation technology has become one of today’s research tasks. In this thesis, the surface of polyurethane sponge was modified on the basis of complexation reaction between iron ions in waste iron and tannic acid (TA), and then cetyl mercaptan was introduced on the sponge substrate for hydrophobic modification. The microstructure of the modified sponge was observed by microscopy, the structure of the modified sponge was characterized by infrared spectroscopy, its hydrophobicity was tested by contact angle measurement, and the practical application capability of the modified sponge was tested by comparative experiments, underwater oil absorption experiments, oil-water separation experiments and reusability experiments. The results show that the water contact angle of the modified sponge can reach more than 140˚, and has good oil-water separation ability and demonstrates excellent recyclability. The method has the advantages of low price and simple process, which is of great significance to the reuse of resources and environmental protection.