战略联盟、地理邻近与企业竞争力——基于我国集成电路产业上市公司的实证研究

Strategic Alliance, Geographical Proximity and Corporate Competitiveness—Based on Empirical Research of Listed Companies in My Country’s Integrated Circuit Industry

摘要: 随着经济全球化和科技的不断进步，企业所面临的生存压力不断增大，越来越多的企业选择通过战略联盟与其他企业间进行合作，互相利用对方的知识、技术等来实现合作共赢。为了探讨战略联盟与企业竞争力之间的关系以及企业地理邻近对这种关系的影响。本文利用半导体产业中经营集成电路的上市公司2010~2018年战略联盟数据及2019年样本企业的面板数据进行实证分析，结果发现：同种联盟类型的企业中，联盟成员数量的增加会使得企业竞争力随之提高，但拥有不同类型战略联盟的企业随着联盟成员数量的增加会出现更为复杂的结果。不同类型的战略联盟都会在一定程度上正向影响企业竞争力，使得其会比没有进行战略联盟的企业而言会更具有竞争力。与联盟成员间的地理邻近程度也会在一定程度是正向强化纵向联盟和不相关联盟企业竞争力，反向弱化横向联盟企业竞争力。

Abstract: With the economic globalization and the continuous progress of science and technology, the survival pressure faced by enterprises is increasing. More and more enterprises choose to cooperate with other enterprises through strategic alliances and use each other’s knowledge, technology and so on to achieve win-win cooperation. In order to explore the relationship between strategic alliances and corporate competitiveness and the impact of corporate geographical proximity on this relationship, this paper makes an empirical analysis by using the strategic alliance data of listed companies operating integrated circuits in the semiconductor industry from 2010 to 2018 and the panel data of sample enterprises in 2019. The results found that: among companies of the same alliance type, the increase in the number of alliance members will make the competitiveness of enterprises increase, but enterprises with different types of strategic alliances will have more complicated results as the number of alliance members increases. Different types of strategic alliances will positively affect the competitiveness of enterprises to a certain extent, making them more competitive than enterprises without strategic alliances. The degree of geographic proximity with alliance members will also positively strengthen the competitiveness of vertical alliances and unrelated alliances to a certain extent, and reversely weaken the competitiveness of horizontal alliances.