瞬变气候模拟中全新世海冰变化及动力机制
Holocene Sea Ice Evolution and Dynamics in Transient Climate Simulations
DOI: 10.12677/CCRL.2022.111008, PDF,    国家科技经费支持
作者: 张 旭*：兰州大学资源环境学院，西部环境教育部重点实验室，甘肃 兰州;中国科学院青藏高原研究所，古生态与人类适应团队，北京;青藏高原地球系统与资源环境国家重点实验室，北京；郑 凯：兰州大学资源环境学院，西部环境教育部重点实验室，甘肃 兰州
关键词: 全新世；海冰；瞬变气候模拟；气候背景依赖性；TraCE21；Holocene； Sea Ice； Transient Climate Simulation； Climate Background Dependence； TraCE21
摘要: 海冰是地球系统内部反馈的重要因子之一，对气候系统的演变具有重要影响。本文基于海气耦合气候模型CCSM3的过去21,000年以来的气候瞬变模拟试验(TraCE21)及其单一强迫试验，分析早中全新世以来(过去7000年以来)海冰演变特征及其控制机理。结果发现，北半球海冰以震荡为主，无明显长趋势，这可能是大气CO2上升和当地夏季太阳辐射降低共同影响所致；在南半球，由于威德尔海和罗斯海淡水注入的突然停止，海冰在距今5000年左右突然减少，而突变前后都无明显趋势，可能与大气CO2和当地春季太阳辐射共同作用有关。结合单一强迫试验结果分析发现，南大洋海冰对南极融冰水变化的响应敏感性取决于与气候背景相关的海冰面积多寡，海冰偏少的暖期对淡水更敏感，反之亦然。由于单一强迫试验都基于末次盛冰期的气候背景，这意味着不能简单利用单一强迫试验解释各自然强迫因素对全新世气候演变的影响。
Abstract: Sea ice, as one important component of Earth system internal feedbacks, plays a crucial role in climate change. Here we investigate the evolution of sea ice and its mechanism since the early-Middle Holocene (last 7000 years) based on the climate transient simulation experiment (TraCE21) and its single forcing experiments of CCSM3 for the past 21,000 years. Our results show that Arctic sea ice area fluctuated with time without evident long-term trend, which might be a consequence of combined effects of rising atmospheric CO2 and decreasing summer solar radiation. In the Southern Hemisphere, sea ice area declined abruptly around 5000 years ago as a result of instantaneous stop of fresh water input in Weddell Sea and Ross Sea. No significant sea-ice trend is detected before and after the abrupt change in the Southern Ocean, which might be related to atmospheric CO2 and local spring solar radiation. With aid of single-forcing experiments, it appears that Southern Ocean sea-ice sensitivity to Antarctic meltwater change depends on total volume of sea-ice cover that is a consequence of the contemporary climate conditions, that is, sea ice with a low total volume is more sensitive during warm climate than that during cold climate. Since the single forcing experiments were all based on climate conditions of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), our results thus suggest that they cannot be simply used to assess roles of corresponding single forcing in the Holocene climate evolution.
文章引用：张旭, 郑凯. 瞬变气候模拟中全新世海冰变化及动力机制[J]. 气候变化研究快报, 2022, 11(1): 75-82. https://doi.org/10.12677/CCRL.2022.111008

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