滴血的伤疤：《镍币男孩》中的种族暴力与创伤书写

Bleeding Wound: Racial Violence and Trauma Writing in The Nickel Boys

摘要: 《镍币男孩》(The Nickel Boys, 2019)是美国黑人作家科尔森•怀特黑德(Colson Whitehead)最新出版的小说，荣获2020年的普利策小说奖。小说以20世纪60年的美国佛罗里达州的“多泽尔男子学校”为历史背景，描摹出在种族歧视下美国非裔群体的创伤体验。尼科尔学校的暴力事件放大了美国社会的种族暴力，指涉美国政治的阴暗与恐怖的一面。通过小说，怀特黑德抨击美国政府惨无人道的卑劣行径，呼吁黑人走出创伤阴影，活出自立、自强与自尊，摆脱悲惨的处境。这体现了作者怀特黑德对美国种族历史的反思、对当代社会的探问以及对黑人生存处境的忧虑。

Abstract: The Nickel Boys by Colson Whitehead was published in 2019 and won 2020 Pulitzers. With Dozier School for Boys in Florida as the historical background, The Nickel Boys by Colson Whitehead depicts the miserable living condition of the Africans American under the racism in America. The Nickel academy magnified and refined the cruelty of the American racial violence, reflecting the dark and horrible aspects of the American society. Through the novel, Whitehead attacks the inhuman deeds by the American government and calls for the American Africans to recover from the trauma and live a life based on independence, self-reliance and self-esteem. This shows Colson Whitehead’s reflections on the history of American racism, and his concern about contemporary American society and the reality of the condition of the black community.