概念功能视角下诗歌中反事实表达对比研究——以《上邪》为例

A Comparative Study of Counterfactual Expressions in Poetry from the Perspective of Ideational Function—Taking The Pledge as an Example

摘要: 以系统功能语言学的理论框架为基础，将其中的概念功能作为出发点，以汉乐府诗歌中的《上邪》为范文，分析英汉在反事实表达概念表述上所存在的异同点。通过对诗文中英译文表达方式呈现出来的经验功能和逻辑功能的分析，探讨两种语言在反事实表达转述方面存在的差异。研究结果发现因译者风格存在差异，外国译者更倾向于忠实原文所用的及物系统，国内译者会倾向于应用目标语言中惯用的及物系统。而对于行文中存在的反事实隐含逻辑，译者们会添加逻辑连接词使隐性逻辑得以显性凸显。这对于学习者学习如何表述反事实语句具有一定的借鉴意义。

Abstract: Based on the theoretical framework of Systemic Functional Linguistics, in which the ideational function is taken as the starting point, the paper analyzes the similarities and differences between English and Chinese in the counterfactual expressions, using The Pledge as an example. Through the analysis of the experiential and logical functions presented by the Chinese and English translations of poetry, this paper discusses the differences between the two languages in terms of counterfactual expressions. The results show that due to the differences in translators’ styles, foreign translators tend to be faithful to the transitive system used in the original text, while domestic translators tend to apply the transitive system commonly used in the target language. However, as for the implicit logic of counterfactual expressions in the text, the translators add logical connectives to make implicit logic explicit. This has some implications for learners to learn how to formulate counterfactual expressions.