贵阳市非医药家庭对儿童用药的认知情况调查

A Survey of the Cognition of Children’s Medication in Non-Medical Families in Guiyang City

摘要: 目的：儿童的生理特征不同于成年人，家长对儿童用药知识的掌握水平与儿童的健康息息相关。本次调研的目的是了解贵阳市非医药家庭家长对儿童用药的认知现状并寻找影响因素，为指导贵阳市家庭儿童安全用药提供一些浅薄的参考及建议。方法：采用文献研究法和问卷调查法，通过使用excel、spss25等软件工具录入与分析数据，采用描述性分析对基本资料、态度、行为现状等进行说明，使用秩和检验方法分析影响家长对儿童用药知识水平的因素。结果：家长对儿童用药知识的掌握水平与家长的年龄、学历、职业有关，22~50岁的家长得分显著高于22岁以下及50岁以上家长，大学及以上学历的家长得分显著高于初中及以下家长；仅有32.6%的家长能对抗生素的副作用有正确的认识。52.82%的家长在购药时总是会咨询药师，但是有43.8%的家长忽略用药后不良反应的观察，52.82%的家长给儿童使用过成人用药，73.43%的家长随意停药。91.7%的家长愿意学习儿童用药相关知识，其中96.7%的人都希望通过医护人员的介绍获得用药知识。结论：家长学历越高，药物知识水平越好，提高家长的学历有利于儿童安全用药。家长们在用药前合理用药意识较高，但用药过程中存在不正确行为，存在用药风险。

Abstract: Objective: The physiological characteristics of children are different from those of adults, and the level of parents’ knowledge of children’s medication is closely related to children’s health. The purpose of this survey is to understand the current situation of parents of non-medical families in Guiyang City on children’s medication and to find influencing factors, so as to provide some shallow references and suggestions for guiding the safe use of drugs for children in Guiyang Families. Methods: Using the literature research method and questionnaire survey method, using excel, spss25 and other software tools to enter and analyze data. Then using descriptive analysis to explain the basic information, attitudes, behavior status, etc., and using rank and test methods to analyze the factors affecting the level of parents’ knowledge of children’s medication. Results: Parents’ mastery of children’s medication knowledge is related to the age, education and occupation of parents, parents aged 22 to 50 have significantly higher scores than parents under 22 years old and over 50 years old, and parents with college degrees or above score significantly higher than parents in junior high school and below; only 32.6% of parents can have a correct understanding of the side effects of antibiotics. 52.82% of parents always consult pharmacists when purchasing drugs, but 43.8% of parents ignore the observation of adverse reactions after medication, 52.82% of parents have used adult drugs for children, and 73.43% of parents have stopped drugs at will. 91.7% of parents are willing to learn about children’s medication, and 96.7% of them hope to obtain medication knowledge through the introduction of medical staff. Conclusion: The higher the parents’ academic qualifications, the better the level of drug knowledge, and improving the parents’ academic qualifications is conducive to the safe use of drugs for children. Parents have a high awareness of rational medication before taking drugs, but there are incorrect behaviors in the process of medication and there is a risk of medication.