复合硅藻基质微生态制剂在青虾养殖的应用

Study on Application of Complex Diatomite-Based Microecologics in Macrobrachium nipponense Farming Pond

摘要: 为探究复合型的益生菌对青虾养殖中水质生态调节的使用效果，本文以硅藻精土与益生菌群如枯草芽孢杆菌等组合制作成“复合硅藻基质微生态制剂”，试验以不添加“复合硅藻基质微生态制剂”的2口池塘为对照组，添加“复合硅藻基质微生态制剂”的2口池塘为处理组，青虾放养密度均为45 ind./m2，试验期间定时检测养殖池塘的营养盐指标，也抽样测量青虾的生长指标。结果表明：1) “复合硅藻基微生态制剂”能有效降低虾池水体中氨氮、亚硝氮和总氮的累积速率，处理池组的三氮含量和磷酸盐含量均显著低于对照池组(P < 0.05)；养殖周期终末时，“复合硅藻基质微生态制剂”对总氨氮、亚硝氮、总氮、无机磷和总磷的清除率分别为53.55%、32.09%、27.37%、34.48%和57.58%。2) 添加“复合硅藻基质微生态制剂”的试验处理池组青虾增重率和增长率均显著高于对照池组，说明“复合硅藻基质微生态制剂”明显促进青虾的生长，青虾增长率提高了14.20%，青虾增重率提高了402.63%，从而有效地提高了青虾商品规格。

Abstract: To explore the effect of compound probiotics on the ecological regulation of water quality in Macrobrachium nipponense farming pond, In this paper, diatomite and probiotics such as Bacillus subtilis are combined into “complex diatomite-based microecologics”, two ponds which did not add “complex diatomite-based microecologics” as check group, two ponds which added “complex diatomite-based microecologics” as treatment group, the stocking density of Macrobrachium nipponense was 45 ind./m2 in each pond, during the experiment, the nutrient index of pond water were timing measured, the growth index of Macrobrachium nipponense was also sampling measured. Results showed that, 1) the cumulative rate of ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen and total nitrogen had been reduced effectively by “complex diatomite-based microecologics”, three nitrogen content and phosphate content of treatment pond group was Significantly lower than those of check pond group (P < 0.05). At the end of the breeding cycle, the cleaning rate of ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, total nitrogen, inorganic phosphorus and total phosphorus respectively were 53.55%, 32.09%, 27.37%, 34.48% and 57.58% by “complex diatomite-based microecologics”. 2) The weight gain rate (WGR) and length gain rate (LGR) of Macrobrachium nipponense in “complex diatomite-based microecologics” treat pond group were significantly higher than those of the control pond group, “complex diatomite-based microecologics” was showed obviously promote the growth of Macrobrachium nipponense, the length gain rate of Macrobrachium nipponense had been increased more14.20% than check group, the weight gain rate of Macrobrachium nipponense had been increased more 402.63% than check group, thus effectively improve the commodity specifications of Macrobrachium nipponense.