多酚微胶囊化技术及其体外释放研究进展

Research Progress of Microencapsulation Technology and in Vitro Release of Polyphenols

摘要: 近年来，糖尿病、心血管疾病、癌症等慢性病的发病率逐年攀升，此类疾病均可由氧化应激损伤导致，氧化损伤的成因可能是自由基不受控的合成或抗氧化能力的失衡，抗氧化剂则可有效预防上述疾病的发生。多酚类物质是天然资源中常见的抗氧化活性成分，富含于日常的蔬果中，可作为最温和且有效的抗氧化剂。然而，天然多酚的生物利用率低，在不适的环境中的极不稳定易变性，大大限制了其开发利用的可能性。微胶囊技术作为食品研发领域的热点高新技术，它可通过将多酚包埋于壁材中，保护其免于环境的影响，并在合适的时间或部位进行释放，较好地解决了多酚开发利用过程中的问题。本文综述了多酚微胶囊化的技术和原理、壁材和制备方法，以及其体外释放模型和常见的释放动力学机理模型。

Abstract: The incidence rate of diabetes mellitus (DM), cardiovascular diseases, cancer and other chronic diseases has been rising over the recent years. Such diseases can be caused by oxidative stress damage. Uncontrolled synthesis of free radicals or imbalance of antioxidant capacity can lead to oxidative damage. Oral antioxidants can effectively prevent these diseases. The mildest and most effective sources of antioxidants are the active ingredients of natural resources, such as polyphenols, which are rich in daily fruits and vegetables. However, the low bioavailability of natural polyphenols and their instability and variability in an uncomfortable environment greatly limit the possibility of their development. As a hot high technology in the field of food research and development, microencapsulation technology can protect polyphenols from environmental impact by embedding them in the wall materials, and release them at the appropriate time or location, which can better solve the problems in the development and utilization of polyphenols. This paper discusses the technical principle and process of microencapsulation of polyphenols, the selection of wall materials and preparation methods, the selection of release models in vitro and common release kinetic mechanism models.