《诗》之用，思无邪：《论语》总章一八朱子注衍义

The Function of the Book of Songs Is to Make the Readers Think Innocently: The Significance Deduction of Zhu Xi’s Annotations in the General Chapter 18 of the Analects of Confucius

摘要: “《诗》之用，思无邪”是朱子对《论语》总章一八注解的本旨。详析朱子对于此章的注解，统合朱子原义并对勘以皇侃等为代表的汉唐诠释模式发现：朱子以“思无邪”为读《诗》之要，指出诗有善恶，其功用皆能使读诗之人有所感，旨在使读诗之人归于思无邪。朱子诠释指出了此前诸儒疏解本章时所出现的矛盾和未尽之意，结合儒家诗教的立言宗旨与朱子《论语或问》、《朱子语类》、《晦庵先生朱文公文集》及《诗集传》等相关文献中对于本章的讨论加以补述，朱子疏解对本章义理确有一个有根柢有从来的推明。

Abstract: “The function of the Book of Songs is to make readers think innocently” is the main theme of Zhu Xi’s annotation to the Analects of Confucius. A detailed analysis of Zhu Xi’s annotations to this chapter integrates Zhu Xi’s original meaning and explores the interpretation mode of Han and Tang Dynasties represented by Huang Kan, etc., and finds that Zhu Xi takes “thinking without evil” as the key to reading the Book of Songs, pointing out that poetry has good and evil, and its functions can make people who read poetry feel something, aiming at making people who read poetry think without evil. Zhu Xi’s interpretation points out the contradictions and unfinished meanings of previous Confucian scholars in resolving this chapter. Combining the purpose of Confucian poetry teaching with the discussion of this chapter in Zhu Xi’s Analects of Confucius or asking Zhu Xi’s language category, Mr. Hui’an’s collection of official documents of Zhu Wen and the biography of poetry anthology, Zhu Xi’s interpretation does have a root and never push to the meaning of this chapter.