红细胞指数异常与学龄前支气管哮喘儿童肺功能及哮喘发作的相关性研究

Correlation Study between Abnormal Red Blood Cell Index and Pulmonary Function and Asthma Attack in Preschool Children with Bronchial Asthma Disease

摘要: 目的：分析初次就诊时红细胞指数[平均红细胞体积(MCV)，平均红细胞血红蛋白含量(MCH)和平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度(MCHC)]异常与学龄前支气管哮喘儿童肺功能及哮喘发作的相关性。方法：回顾性分析日照市人民医院2021年1月至2022年1月因支气管哮喘就诊并行肺功能检测的临床资料完整的患儿共200例，按照红细胞指数异常与否将患儿分为3组，分别为A组(红细胞指数正常组)、B组(红细胞指数单项异常组)、C组(红细胞指数多项异常组)。比较3组患儿脉冲振荡肺功能检测各指标值，并比较初次就诊治疗半年内呼吸道感染的次数及急性哮喘发作次数。结果：MCV与脉冲振荡肺功能R5、X5有负相关性(r分别为−0.140，−0.154；P < 0.05)；MCH与脉冲振荡肺功能R5有负相关性(r = −0.176, P = 0.013)。脉冲振荡肺功能R5在A、B、C三组间差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。C组脉冲振荡肺功能R5、X5值显著高于A组(P < 0.05)。系统治疗半年内，3组患儿哮喘发作次数差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05)，B组和C组均显著高于A组(P < 0.05)；3组患儿呼吸道感染次数差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05)，C组呼吸道感染次数高于A组和B组(P < 0.05)。结论：红细胞指数异常与支气管哮喘患儿肺功能呼吸粘性阻力增加显著相关，红细胞指数指标异常患儿哮喘发作及呼吸道感染发生率均显著增高。

Abstract: Objective: To analyze the association between pulmonary function and asthma exacerbations in preschool children with abnormal red blood cell index [mean red blood cell volume (MCV), mean red blood cell hemoglobin content (MCH) and mean red blood cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)] at initial visit. Methods: A total of 200 children with complete clinical data were collected from Jan-uary 2021 to January 2022 in Rizhao People’s Hospital due to bronchial asthma and undergoing pulmonary function test. The children were divided into 3 groups according to whether the red blood cell index was abnormal or not. They were group A (normal erythrocyte index group), group B (single abnormal erythrocyte index group), and group C (multiple abnormal erythrocyte index group). The index values of pulse concussion pulmonary function test before treatment were com-pared among the three groups. The number of respiratory tract infections and the number of acute asthma attacks within six months after the first treatment were compared among the three groups. Results: MCV was negatively correlated with pulmonary function R5 and X5 (r = −0.140, −0.154, P < 0.05). MCH was negatively correlated with lung function R5 (r = −0.176, P = 0.013). The pulmonary function R5 of pulse oscillation before treatment was significantly different among groups A, B and C (P < 0.05). The R5 and X5 respiratory viscous resistance values of group C were significantly higher than those of group A (P < 0.05). Within six months of systematic treatment, there was a significant difference in the number of asthma attacks among the three groups (P < 0.05), and group B and group C were significantly higher than group A (P < 0.05). There was a significant difference in the number of respiratory tract infections among the three groups (P < 0.05), and the number of res-piratory tract infections in group C was higher than that in groups A and B (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The abnormal red blood cell index is significantly correlated with the increase of respiratory viscous resistance in children with bronchial asthma, and the incidence of asthma and respiratory tract in-fection is significantly increased in children with abnormal red blood cell index.