企业数字创新优化路径研究——基于DEMATEL和系统动力学模型的实证分析

Research on Optimal Path of Enterprise Digital Innovation—Empirical Analysis Based on DEMATEL and System Dynamics Model

摘要: 数字技术驱动和数据要素嵌入背景下，企业面临决策、生产和服务系统的深度重构，优化数字创新路径是实现可持续发展的必要条件。用DEMATEL方法探究企业数字创新的具体影响因素及其相互作用关系，并且运用系统动力学分析企业数字创新过程中的各要素的作用路径，以探索优化路径。研究表明：1) 互补技术有效性、信息技术人才和大数据能力都能有效提升企业数字创新水平，但随着互补技术有效性的增强，企业数字创新水平不升反降；2) 企业数字创新路径主要有五种，即大数据能力驱动型、互补技术有效性驱动型、信息技术人才驱动、科研机构数量驱动及战略规划能力驱动型，其中互补技术有效性驱动路径能显著提升企业数字创新水平；3) 最后，分别面向企业和政策制定者，从数字化跨界战略、互补技术有效性、交叉复合型人才引培等面提出相应的管理启示。

Abstract: Under the background of digital technology driving and data element embedding, enterprises are faced with the deep reconstruction of decision-making, production and service systems. Optimizing the path of digital innovation is a necessary condition to achieve sustainable development. The DEMATEL method is used to explore the specific influencing factors of enterprise digital innovation and their interaction relationship, and the system dynamics is used to analyze the action path of each element in the process of enterprise digital innovation, so as to explore the optimization path. The results show that: 1) The effectiveness of complementary technologies, information technology talents and big data capabilities can effectively improve the digital innovation level of enterprises, but with the enhancement of the effectiveness of complementary technologies, the digital innovation level of enterprises decreases instead of increasing; 2) There are five main digital innovation paths, namely, big data capability driven, complementary technology effectiveness driven, IT talent driven, number of scientific research institutions driven and strategic planning ability driven, among which complementary technology effectiveness driven path can significantly improve the digital innovation level of enterprises; 3) Finally, for enterprises and policy makers, the corresponding management implications are proposed from the aspects of digital crossover strategy, complementary technology effectiveness, and cross-compound talent training.