偶像何以成为偶像？ ——基于18位偶像团体选秀节目参演者的扎根理论研究

What Makes an Idol an Idol?—A Grounded Theory Study Based on 18 Contestants of Idol Group Survival Reality Shows

摘要: 挖掘和构建偶像身份形成与发展的影响因素及机理，对培育合格偶像、治理偶像产业、建构良好的偶像社会互动关系，乃至确保经济与文化的良性发展具有重要价值。基于扎根理论和深度访谈，文章以18位中国偶像团体选秀节目参演者为研究对象，分析访谈的质性资料，进行程序化编码并构建理论模型，力求揭示影响偶像身份形成与发展的因素及机理。研究发现，偶像概念、自我认知、从业行为、社会互动和外部环境等因素在偶像身份的建构过程中发挥了重要作用。进一步解构各因素影响的机理，发现偶像身份的形成与发展源于个体认识与实践、自我意识与偶像意识的循环往复，并受到社会舆论、行业发展和国家政策等外部因素全方位、单方向的影响。

Abstract: It is of great value to cultivate qualified idols, upgrade the idol industry, establish decent idol social interaction relations and then ensure sound economic and cultural development by ex-ploring and constructing mechanisms and factors for the development of idol identity. Based on the grounded theory, in-depth interviews, and taking 18 contestants of Chinese idol group sur-vival reality shows as research objects, this paper analyzes the qualitative data of the interviews, conducts programmed coding, constructs the theoretical model, and then strives to reveal the factors and mechanism of the construction of idol identity. This study found that idol concepts, self-recognition, professional behavior, social interactions, and external environment are all es-sential in constructing idol identity. By deconstructing the mechanism of the influence of each factor, this study argued that the idol identity originates from the cycles of individual process of cognition-practice and idiocentrism-idolcentrism, and its construction is comprehensively and unilaterally influenced by external factors such as public opinion, industry development and na-tional policy.