跨境电商企业物流模式分析——以亚马逊欧洲物流方案为例

Analysis of Logistics Mode of Cross-Border E-Commerce Enterprises—Taking Amazon’s European Logistics Scheme as an Example

摘要: 电子商务与国际贸易相结合形成跨境电商贸易模式，而跨境电商发展的核心是跨境物流系统的发展，跨境电商物流在国内卖家与国外消费者之间充当桥梁关系。疫情以来，海运运费逐步上涨，极大压缩了电商企业的利润空间。2021年跨境电商物流费用占交易总额的20%~40%，而国内快递的物流成本一般占客单价的5%以下，相对于国内快递行业的物流成本，跨境电商物流费用占整个跨境交易成本的比重过于庞大。亚马逊是全球最具代表性的跨境电商平台，其成功离不开跨境物流体系的协调与融合。本文通过分析亚马逊退出中国市场的原因以及亚马逊欧洲物流方案的特点与优势，为我国电商企业实行跨境运输提供建设性意见。

Abstract: The combination of e-commerce and international trade forms a cross-border e-commerce trade model. The core of the development of cross-border e-commerce is the development of cross-border logistics system. Cross-border e-commerce logistics act as a bridge between domestic sellers and foreign consumers. Since the epidemic, shipping charges have gradually increased, greatly reducing the profit margin of e-commerce enterprises. In 2021, cross-border e-commerce logistics costs will account for 20%~40% of the total transaction amount, while domestic express logistics costs generally account for less than 5% of the unit price of customers. Compared with the logistics costs of domestic express industry, cross-border e-commerce logistics costs account for a large proportion of the entire cross-border transaction costs. Amazon is the most representative cross-border e-commerce platform in the world, and its success cannot be separated from the coordination and integration of cross-border logistics system. By analyzing the reasons for Amazon’s withdrawal from the Chinese market and the characteristics and advantages of Amazon’s European logistics plan, this paper provides constructive suggestions for the implementation of cross-border transportation for Chinese e-commerce enterprises.