高、低耐挫大学生对成功与失败事件的归因研究
A Study on the Attribution of Successes and Failures Events of Undergraduates with High and Low Perseverance
DOI: 10.12677/AP.2023.131020, PDF,  被引量    科研立项经费支持
作者: 杨博茜, 康 佳, 冯萌萌：天津师范大学心理学部，天津；都 旭：遵义师范学院教师教育学院，贵州 遵义；白学军*：天津师范大学心理学部，天津；教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地天津师范大学心理与行为研究院，天津
关键词: 耐挫心理；归因方式；能力；努力；运气；情境；Perseverance； Attribution Style； Ability； Effort； Luck； Context
摘要: 考察高、低耐挫大学生对成功与失败事件的归因方式，选取高、低耐挫大学生各52名，采用2 (耐挫组别：高、低) × 2 (事件结果：成功、失败)的混合实验设计。结果发现：对于成功事件，高耐挫大学生的能力归因得分、努力归因得分均显著高于低耐挫大学生。对于失败事件，高耐挫大学生的能力归因得分显著低于低耐挫大学生，高耐挫大学生的努力归因得分显著高于低耐挫大学生。不论是成功事件还是失败事件，高耐挫大学生的运气、情境归因得分均显著低于低耐挫大学生。表明低耐挫大学生对成功事件更少归因于内部因素(能力和努力)，更多归因于外部因素(运气、情境)；对失败事件更少归因于可控因素(努力)，更多归因于不可控因素(能力、运气、情境)。高耐挫大学生则与之相反。
Abstract: To explore the attribution style of undergraduates with high and low perseverance for success and failure events, a 2 (perseverance group: high, low) × 2 (event results: success, failure) mixed experimental design was conducted to undergraduates with high (n = 52) and low (n = 52) perseverance. The results found the scores of ability attribution and effort attribution of undergraduates with high perseverance are significantly higher than those of undergraduates with low perseverance for successful events. For failure events, the ability attribution scores of undergraduates with high perseverance are significantly lower than those with low perseverance, and the effort attribution scores of undergraduates with high perseverance are significantly higher than those with low perseverance. The scores of luck and context attribution of undergraduates with high perseverance are significantly lower than those with low perseverance for success and failure events. The results reveal that, for undergraduates with low perseverance, successful events are less attributed to internal factors (ability and effort) and more to external factors (luck and context), while failure events are less attributed to controllable factor (effort) and more to uncontrollable factors (ability, luck and context). It’s the opposite for undergraduates with high perseverance.
文章引用：杨博茜, 康佳, 都旭, 冯萌萌, 白学军 (2023). 高、低耐挫大学生对成功与失败事件的归因研究. 心理学进展, 13(1), 154-160. https://doi.org/10.12677/AP.2023.131020

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