制动工况高速列车轮轨磨耗仿真研究

Simulation Study on the Wheel Wear of High-Speed Train under Braking Condition

摘要: 为了研究CRH3高速列车的制动工况对车轮磨耗的影响，建立了高速列车的动力学模型，利用CRH3型动车组制动特性，确定列车在任何速度下的制动力，研究列车的制动初速度、轴重和摩擦系数对轮轨接触特性和磨耗的影响。研究表明：制动初速度对轮轨间的接触特性影响不明显；轴重对轮轨的接触特性影响很大，随着轴重的增加，轮轨间的横向蠕滑力和纵向蠕滑力都有很大的变化，且接触斑面积和磨耗指数都呈现明显的上升趋势；摩擦系数主要影响轮轨间的纵向蠕滑力和磨耗指数，随着轮轨间摩擦系数的增大，轮轨间的纵向蠕滑力近似呈线性关系增大。

Abstract: To study the influence of braking conditions on the wheel wear of a CRH3 high-speed train, a dy-namics model of the high-speed train was established to determine the braking force of the train at various speeds using the braking characteristics of the CRH3 high-speed train, and to study the in-fluence of the initial braking speed, axle weight, and friction coefficient of the train wheel-rail inter-action on the wheel-rail contact characteristics and wear. The study shows that under the braking conditions, the initial braking speed has no significant effect on the contact characteristics between the wheels and rails, but the axle weight has a significant effect on the contact characteristics of the wheels and rails. The transverse creep force and the longitudinal creep force between the wheels and rails have increased; with the increasing of the axle weight, and the contact patch area and the wear index are increased. The friction coefficient mainly affects the longitudinal creep force be-tween the wheels and rails and the wear index; with the increasing of the friction coefficient, the longitudinal creep slip forces between wheels and rails are approximately linearly increased.