乌鲁木齐机场一次强东南大风天气分析

Weather Analysis of a Strong Southeast Gale at Urumqi Airport

摘要: 本文通过对乌鲁木齐机场出现的一次高影响强东南大风天气的环流形势、冷暖平流、气压差及风切变特征进行分析，结果表明：此次东南大风天气为锋前减压加回流型，500 hPa受东北–西南向的暖脊控制，地面东高西低、南高北低的天气形势，有利于东南大风的形成；850 hPa乌鲁木齐北部暖平流，南部冷平流分别造成地面减压和加压，有利于东南大风的出现和维持；达坂城与乌鲁木齐机场的压差和极大风速相关系数达到0.68，压差对风速的预报具备一定指示意义；东南大风期间，跑道两端风速差异大是产生风切变的主要原因，东南风趋于结束时，跑道两端转风时间不一致也会导致风切变。

Abstract: In this paper, the circulation situation, warm and cold advection, pressure difference and wind shear characteristics of a strong southeast gale with high influence at Urumqi Airport are analyzed. The results show that: The southeast gale weather is frontal decompression plus reflux type, 500 hPa was controlled by the northeast-southwest warm ridge. The weather situation was high in the east and low in the west and high in the south and low in the north, which was conducive to the for-mation of the southeast gale. The 850 hPa warm advection in the north of Urumqi and the cold advection in the south caused ground decompression and pressure respectively, which was conducive to the occurrence and maintenance of southeast gale. The correlation coefficient of pressure difference and maximum wind speed between Dabancheng and Urumqi Airport reaches 0.68, which has certain indicative significance for wind speed forecast. During southeast gales, wind shear is mainly caused by the large difference in wind speed between the two ends of the runway. When southeast winds tend to end, wind rotation time at both ends of the runway is inconsistent, which also leads to wind shear.