近二十年来我国养老金制度研究可视化图谱分析

Visualization Analysis of Pension System Research in Recent Twenty Years

摘要: 近二十年来，我国养老金制度的发展主要是由第一阶段的社会统筹与个人账户结合的制度实践逐渐过渡到第二阶段的双轨制改革与个人养老金制度的建立。为了探究近二十年来我国养老金制度研究的热点主题，本文选取了从2002年至2022年在中国知网(CNKI)文献数据库中收录的相关文章作为研究的样本数据来源，通过CiteSpace软件对样本进行可视化图谱分析，能够正确认识我国养老金制度的发展历程，为完善我国养老金制度体系提供解决方案，最终得出结论：我国现行的养老金制度体系是符合当前经济社会发展的养老金制度，但是同样也面临着风险与挑战，如养老金隐性债务问题、公平性问题、结构不合理问题等还有待解决。养老金隐性债务问题可通过积极的生育政策以及通过科技进步提高劳动生产率来解决；养老金待遇公平性问题和结构不合理问题可通过国家推行政策来逐步缩小养老金差距，养老金领取者自身还需发挥主观能动性，通过合理的养老资金分配，来取得稳健收益。

Abstract: In the past two decades, the development of Chinese pension system has mainly transitioned from the first stage of the system practice of combining social coordination and individual accounts to the second stage of the dual-track system reform and the establishment of a personal pension system. In order to explore the hot topics of Chinese pension system research in the past two decades, this paper selects the relevant articles included in the literature database of China Knowledge Network (CNKI) from 2002 to 2022 as the sample data source for the study, and conducts visual mapping analysis of the sample through CiteSpace software, which can correctly understand the development history of Chinese pension system and provide solutions for improving Chinese pension The final conclusion is that the current pension system in China is a pension system in line with the current economic and social development, but it also faces risks and challenges, such as the problem of hidden pension debts, the problem of fairness and the problem of unreasonable structure, which still needs to be solved. The problem of hidden pension debts can be solved through active fertility policies and the improvement of labor productivity through scientific and technological progress. The fairness and unreasonable structure of pension treatment can gradually narrow the pension gap through national policies. Pensioners themselves need to exert their subjective initiative and obtain steady benefits through reasonable pension fund distribution.