评价理论视阈下灾难类新闻语篇分析

A Discourse Analysis on Disaster News from the Perspective of Appraisal Theory

摘要: 灾难事件时常发生并会影响人们的心理活动，致使新闻语篇具有大量的说话人所持有的态度类观点。本文采用J. R. Martin提出的评价理论的态度子系统，从语篇层面细致地研究词汇或小句所蕴含的评价意义，以及评价资源的分布情况。本文选取三篇福岛核泄漏新闻语篇作为研究材料，发现该组新闻报道常用隐性观点使得作者观点展开叙述，与显性态度资源分布情况相比，隐性观点更适用于表示中立的态度，但蕴含着否定和不赞成的双重含义。

Abstract: The disaster event affects the psychological activities of people resulting in news discourse with a large number of attitudes held by speakers. This research uses the attitude subsystem of the Appraisal Theory proposed by J. R. Martin to evaluate the meaning of words or clauses to get the distribution of the appraisal resources from the discourse level. This research chooses three types of Fukushima nuclear leakage news texts as research materials, and finds a group of new reports to use implicit opinions to make the author’s point of view with expanding the narration. Compared with explicit attitude resource distribution, implicit opinions are appropriate to express a neutral attitude, but it still contains double meanings of negation and disapproval.