《民法典》买卖合同风险负担规则探析

Analysis of the Rules of Risk Burden of Sales Contract in the Civil Code

摘要: 《中华人民共和国民法典》(以下简称《民法典》)第604条体现了“交付主义”作为买卖合同价金风险移转的原则，但除此之外《民法典》也规定了例外情形：虽交付但不发生风险移转、虽未交付但风险已移转的例外情形。但其背后均体现“风险利益一致”的法理，可以说例外情形也是对“交付主义”的合理修正。因此本文将从“风险利益一致”法理出发解释在《民法典》中规定的不同情境下买卖合同风险移转时点。

Abstract: Article 604 of the Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as the Civil Code) reflects the principle of “deliverance doctrine” as the risk transfer of the sale contract price, but in addition, the Civil Code also provides exceptional circumstances: delivery but no risk transfer, although not delivery but risk transfer. However, they all reflect the jurisprudence of “consistent risk and interest”. It can be said that the exception case is also a reasonable amendment to the “deliverability doctrine”. Therefore, this paper will explain the risk transfer time points of sales contracts under different situations stipulated in the Civil Code from the jurisprudence of “consistent risk and interest”.