健康焦虑影响网络疑病症——无法容忍不确定性和健康信念的作用

The Effect of Health Anxiety on Cyberchondria—The Role of Intolerance of Uncertainty and Health Beliefs

摘要: 本文探究了健康焦虑对网络疑病症的影响，以及无法容忍不确定性起到的中介作用和健康信念在其中的调节作用机制。本研究选择一般成年人作为研究对象，采用《中文版短版健康焦虑量表》《中文版简版无法容忍不确定性量表》《中国成年人健康信念量表》《中文版简式网络疑病量表》等问卷对239名被试进行了三轮施测。结果发现：高健康焦虑的个体容易出现网络疑病症；健康焦虑与网络疑病症显著正相关(b = 0.37, p < 0.001)；健康信念与健康焦虑、无法容忍不确定性均负相关。无法容忍不确定性在健康焦虑影响网络疑病症的关系中起到中介作用(效应量为0.20，95% CI = [0.08, 0.33])，健康焦虑与无法容忍不确定性的关系受到健康信念合理性的调节作用(b = 0.10, 95% CI = [0.01, 0.24])。健康焦虑会引起网络疑病症，其主要原因是个体的无法容忍不确定性。在高健康信念合理性的条件下，健康焦虑水平越高，越不能容忍不确定性，健康信念的合理性能够调节健康焦虑对无法容忍不确定性的影响。

Abstract: This article has examined the effect of health anxiety on cyberchondria, and the mediating role of intolerance of uncertainty, as well as the moderating role of health beliefs. A total of 239 valid samples of Chinese adults were collected after three rounds of follow-up investigation by using the Chinese version of Short Health Anxiety Inventory, the Chinese short version of Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale, the Chinese adult health belief scale, and the Chinese short-form version of Cyberchondria Severity Scale. A Higher level of health anxiety positively predicts cyberchondria (b = 0.37, p < 0.001). Intolerance of uncertainty mediates the effect between health anxiety and cyberchondria (indirect effect = 0.20, 95% CI = [0.08, 0.33]), and the relationship between health anxiety and intolerance of uncertainty is moderated by the rationality of health belief (b = 0.10, 95% CI = [0.01, 0.24]). Health anxiety can cause cyberchondria, and one major mechanism is that individuals cannot tolerate uncertainty. Under the condition of high health belief rationality, the higher the level of health anxiety is, the more intolerable the uncertainty is. The rationality of health beliefs can moderate the influence of health anxiety on intolerance of uncertainty.