干扰任务对智力障碍儿童信息加工的影响

Effects of the Interference Tasks on Information Processing in Children with Intellectual Disabilities

摘要: 目的：采用Stroop范式考察不同干扰任务对智力障碍儿童信息加工的影响。方法：分别选取智力障碍儿童和智力正常儿童各30名，纳入实验组和对照组，比较两组被试在不同实验任务下的反应时和正确率。结果：1) 在冲突型干扰实验任务和非冲突型干扰实验任务中两组被试的反应时差异均存在统计学意义；2) 在排除智力障碍儿童语音激活表征缺陷后，两组被试的反应时差异存在统计学意义；3) 两组被试在按键反应任务中表现出了更加显著的差异。结论：智力障碍儿童在冲突型干扰任务和非冲突型干扰任务中均存在干扰控制缺陷，语音动作加工落后是主要影响因素。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the effects of different interference tasks on information processing in children with intellectual disabilities under Stroop paradigm. Method: Thirty children with intel-lectual disability and 30 children with normal intelligence were selected into the experimental group and the control group, respectively. The Stroop paradigm and its variants were used for the experiment, and the reaction time and accuracy of the two groups were compared under different experimental tasks. Results: 1) The differences in the responses between the conflict interference task and the non-conflict interference task; 2) The differences in the speech activation representation of children with intellectual disabilities; 3) the two groups showed more significant differences in the key response task. Conclusion: Children with intellectual disabilities have interference control defects in conflict interference task and non-conflict interference task, and backward speech and action processing is the main influencing factor.