社交焦虑大学生正性评价恐惧的注意偏向

Attentional Bias to Fear of Positive Evaluation of Social Anxiety College Students

摘要: 目的：探讨社交焦虑大学生对代表正性评价的社交刺激的注意偏向机制。方法：采用模糊社交情境文本和积极、中性面孔图片作为刺激材料，综合被动注视范式级模糊情境范式，依托眼动技术考察高、低社交焦虑者在虚拟模糊社交情境中对500 ms和1250 ms两种呈现时间条件下的面孔刺激的注意特点。结果：当注视积极–中性面孔对时，高社交焦虑组被试的首视点潜伏期偏向分数与底社交焦虑组相比更低；其首视点注视时间偏向分数以及在500 ms的呈现时间条件下的总注视时间偏向分数则更高。结论：当注视代表着他人正性评价的积极面孔刺激时，社交焦虑个体存在注意偏向，在其注意加工初始阶段表现为注意增强和注意固着，而在注意加工后期阶段表现为注意回避，进一步验证了警觉–回避假说，表明社交焦虑大学生对积极社交线索的认知加工过程显示出正性评价恐惧的特点。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the attentional biasing mechanisms of social anxiety (SA) college students to social stimuli representing positive evaluations. Methods: Using context of ambiguous social situations as well as positive and neutral facial pictures as stimulus, the ambiguous context paradigm and the passive fixation paradigm were combined, so the attentional features of subjects with high and low SA level when they gaze at facial stimulus under two presentation time conditions of 500 ms and 1250 ms in ambiguous social situations would be examined by eye-tracking technique. Result: When gazing at positive and neutral facial pictures, for high SA level (HSA) individuals, their first fixation latency bias scores are lower; in 500 ms condition, their score of first duration bias as well as gaze duration bias are higher than individuals with low SA level (LSA). Conclusion: Social anxiety college students have attentional bias when gazing at positive facial stimulus that represent other people’s positive evaluations, which embodied as facilitated attention and difficulty in disengaging in their early stages of attentional processing, and attentional avoidance in later stages of attentional processing. These results provide further evidence for the hypervigilance-avoidance hypothesis suggesting that the cognitive processing of positive social cues by social anxiety college students shows the feature of fear of positive evaluation.