弗洛伊德精神分析视角下《第五个孩子》中的边缘人解读

The Interpretation of the Marginalized Person in The Fifth Child from the Freudian Psychoanalytic Perspective

摘要: 英国著名女性作家多丽丝•莱辛创作了很多优秀的小说，其中《第五个孩子》是她后期创作中比较优秀的一本。书中的主人公本性格怪异、不被社会接受，是典型的边缘人形象。本文试图从弗洛伊德精神分析学的角度分析《第五个孩子》中本这一边缘人形象，主要根据人们人格结构中的自我、本我和超我来探讨社会边缘人的人格成长轨迹。根据分析，造成本变成社会边缘人的主要原因是本没有得到家庭与社会对他的关爱，家人和社会的冷漠使他的人格结构没有充分发展，人格结构中的本我太过强大，而自我和超我却没有完全发展。

Abstract: The famous British female writer Doris Lessing has written many excellent novels, among which The Fifth Child is one of the better ones of her later works. Ben, the main character in the book, has a strange personality and is not accepted by society, a typical image of a marginalized person. This paper attempts to analyze this marginalized image of Ben in The Fifth Child from the perspective of Freudian psychoanalysis, mainly based on the id, the ego and the superego in the human personality structure, to explore the personality growth trajectory of socially marginalized people. According to the analysis, the main reason that causes Ben to become a socially marginalized person is that Ben does not receive care from his family and society, and the indifference of his family and society makes his personality structure not fully developed, and the id in his personality structure is too strong, while the ego and superego are not fully developed.