基于创新价值链的我国新能源汽车企业创新成果转化效率研究

Research on the Transformation Efficiency of Innovation Achievements of China’s New Energy Automobile Enterprises Based on the Innovation Value Chain

摘要: 我国新能源汽车企业的发展顺应国家大力倡导的绿色、低碳环保经济政策及趋势而进入快速发展阶段。新能源汽车企业的创新过程结合创新价值链理论可分为技术研发与成果转化环节。选取新能源汽车的核心——动力电池制造企业2016~2021年共24家企业的面板数据，构建数据包络模型考察并计算我国新能源汽车企业的创新成果转化效率。研究表明：我国新能源汽车企业在创新过程的后续环节——成果转化效率较技术研发环节效率较高，但对于大部分企业创新发展仍有进步空间；行业受疫情环境影响和政策影响明显；成果转化效率受到管理费用和销售费用的影响明显。根据研究结果得出提高新能源汽车企业创新成果转化效率有以下几种途径：鼓励多方主体共同参与新能源汽车企业的创新活动、通过提高技术研发效率以带动成果转化效率的提升、政府应针对不同类型新能源汽车企业实施对应政策。

Abstract: The development of China’s new energy vehicle enterprises has entered a rapid development stage in line with the green, low-carbon and environmental protection economic policies and trends vigorously advocated by the country. The innovation process of new energy automobile enterprises can be divided into technology R&D and achievement transformation links in combination with the innovation value chain theory. Select the panel data of 24 power battery manufacturing enterprises, the core of new energy vehicles, from 2016 to 2021, and build a data envelopment model to investigate and calculate the efficiency of innovation achievements transformation of China’s new energy vehicle enterprises. The research shows that the efficiency of achievements transformation is higher than that of technology R&D in the follow-up link of the innovation process of China’s new energy automobile enterprises, but there is still room for progress in the innovation and development of most enterprises; The industry is significantly affected by the epidemic environment and policies; The efficiency of achievement transformation is significantly affected by administrative expenses and sales expenses. According to the research results, there are several ways to improve the efficiency of innovation achievement transformation of new energy automobile enterprises: encourage multiple entities to participate in the innovation activities of new energy automobile enterprises, promote the efficiency of achievement transformation by improving the efficiency of technology research and development, and the government should implement corresponding policies for different types of new energy automobile enterprises.