基于DEMATEL方法的我国农村老年人互助养老意愿影响因素分析

Analysis on Influencing Factors of Chinese Rural Elderly’s Willingness to Participate in Mutual Support for the Aged Based on DEMATEL Method

摘要: 农村老年人的养老问题是我国社会保障的重要内容之一，影响着我国经济社会发展，关系着社会和谐。本文从个体特征、家庭状况和所居住地的社会资源这3个维度出发，通过健康状况、代际关系、家庭收入、邻里关系、婚姻状况、所在地区等因素应用DEMATEL方法定量分析影响农村老年人参与互助养老意愿因素的强弱关系。结果表明，年龄对我国农村老人互助养老意愿有直接影响，健康状况因素、代际关系、家庭收入和邻里关系对于我国农村老年人互助养老意愿影响程度较高，所在地区和年龄影响程度最小。因此，从建立良好的邻里关系、提升老年人家庭收入和完善农村养老基础设施这三方面提出可行性建议，以期改善和促进我国农村老年人参与互助养老事业的发展。

Abstract: The pension problem of the rural elderly is one of the important contents of our social security, which affects the economic and social development of our country, and the relationship between social harmony. Starting from the three dimensions of individual characteristics, family status and social resources where they live, this paper applies DEMATEL method to quantitatively analyze the strong and weak relationship of factors affecting the willingness of rural elderly to participate in mutual support for the aged through factors such as health status, intergenerational relationship, family income, neighborhood relationship, marital status and local area. The results show that age has a direct impact on the willingness of the elderly to support each other in rural areas. Factors such as health status, intergenerational relations, family income and neighborhood relations have a higher impact on the willingness of the elderly to support each other in rural areas, while the region and age have the least impact. Therefore, the paper puts forward some feasible suggestions from three aspects: Establishing good neighborhood relations, improving the family income of the elderly and perfecting the rural pension infrastructure, in order to improve and promote the development of the mutual aid pension project for the rural elderly.