元音交替视角下英语“不规则”动词的规律探究

A Study on the Rules of English “Irregular” Verbs from the Perspective of Vowel Alternation

摘要: 英语中所谓的“不规则”动词实则并非毫无规律可循。文章以语言学中元音交替现象为主要视角，主要考察现代英语教学中常用的所谓“不规则动词”的规律性，归纳总结其中元音交替规律。归纳“不规则”动词单元音换单元音、双元音换双元音、单元音和双元音之间的变换、单向变换以及零元音交替的5种元音交替类型。结合元音舌位图，总结了其中元音交替规律呈现出来的3个特点，分别为单元音换单元音——元音开口度由小向大变换、双元音换双元音——前双音向后双音变换、单元音和双元音间的变换——舌位均向后变换。

Abstract: The so-called “irregular” verbs in English are not irregular. From the perspective of vowel alternation in linguistics, this paper mainly examines the regularity of the so-called “irregular verbs” commonly used in modern English teaching, and summarizes the rules of vowel alternation. A total of 5 types of vowel alternations of “irregular” verbs are summarized, including monophthongs replace monophthongs, diphthongs replace diphthongs, monophthongs and diphthongs conversion, unidirectional conversion and no vowel alternation. Combined with the vowel tongue bitmap, the three characteristics of the vowel alternation rule are summarized, which are the change of monophthong vowel replaces monophthong vowel is opening from small to large, the change of diphthongs is front diphthong replaces backward diphthong, the change between monophthong and diphthong is backward shift of tongue position.