帕金森病的脑深部电刺激治疗建模研究

Modeling Research on the Treatment of Deep Brain Electrical Stimulation in Parkinson’s Disease

摘要: 本文首先通过神经元Hodgkin-Huxley模型的基础上，融入化学突触模型，通过兴奋以及抑制型突触模型将多个单体神经元连接汇成神经核团，研究大脑皮层不受刺激时的神经核团内部电位。其次将多个核团(Cortex, Striatum/dMSN/iMSN, SNc, GPe, GPi/SNc, STN, Thalamus)按照基底神经节内部神经核团连接方式搭建，其间的兴奋或抑制方向一定。将去掉黑质SNc神经核团的基底神经节回路模型作为帕金森病态模型，仿真健康状态与帕金森病态的基底神经节回路模型，并阐述两种状态所特有的特征指标。接着基于PID自动控制理论，对帕金森病态的基底神经节靶点施加正弦高频电刺激，分析评价DBS在不同靶点位置的刺激效果的优劣，同时获取优化后的电刺激参数，为进行DBS的治疗提供参考。最后基于基底神经节回路模型，旨在寻找除已知的刺激靶点外，是否还存在有其他最优的靶点。通过本文的研究发现，STN靶点在治疗帕金森病态过程中以6 mV的误差结果，确定为最佳刺激靶点，而其他位置所选定的靶点iMSN在治疗过程中存在有17 mV的误差，为后期选取电刺激靶点提供了数据和模型依据，深度了解帕金森病态与正常状态的电位发放相关参数信号指标。

Abstract: In this paper, based on the Hodgkin-Huxley model of neurons, the chemical synaptic model is inte-grated into, and multiple monomer neurons are connected into neural nucleus clusters through ex-citatory and inhibitory synaptic models to study the internal potential of neural nucleus clusters when the cerebral cortex is not stimulated. Secondly, multiple nuclear clusters (Cortex, Stria-tum/dMSN/iMSN, SNc, GPe, GPi/SNc, STN, Thalamus) are constructed according to the connection method of the neural nuclear clusters inside the basal ganglia, and the direction of excitement or inhibition in the meantime is certain. The basal ganglion circuit model with the removal of the nigra SNc nucleus cluster is used as the model of the state of Parkinson’s disease, the basal ganglion cir-cuit model of the healthy state and the state of Parkinson’s disease is simulated, and the character-istic indicators unique to the two states are expounded. Then based on the PID automatic control theory, sinusoidal high-frequency electrical stimulation is applied to the basal ganglion targets of Parkinson’s disease, and the advantages and disadvantages of the stimulation effect of DBS at dif-ferent target locations are analyzed and evaluated. At the same time, the optimized electrical stim-ulation parameters are obtained to provide a reference for the treatment of DBS. Finally, based on the basal ganglion circuit model, the purpose is to find out whether there are other optimal targets in addition to the known stimulation targets. Through the research in this paper, it is found that the STN target is determined as the best stimulation target with an error result of 6 mV during the treatment of Parkinson’s disease, while the iMSN of the selected target in other locations has an er-ror of 17 mV during the treatment process, which provides a data and model basis for the selection of electrical stimulation targets in the later stage, and provides an in-depth understanding of the potential and related parameter signal indicators of the normal state of Parkinson’s disease.