赣南台网天然地震与人工爆破的信号特征研究

Analysis of the Recording Characteristics of Earthquakes and Artificial Blasting in Gannan Seismic Network

摘要: 本研究旨在解决区分工业爆破与天然地震地震波波形的问题，以提高地震监测台站人员的快速识别能力。通过对赣南数字地震台网记录到的同一地区工业爆破和天然地震的进行时域特征的分析和频谱分析的比较，我们发现人工爆破和天然地震的地震波波形在很大程度上相似。然而，在震中距较近的记录台站(30 km以内)，两者的频谱差异较明显。天然地震的速度谱与位移谱的优势频率和振幅峰值主要集中在低频区，而人工爆破没有明显的优势频率，频率的分布更为均匀。随着震中距的增加，地震与爆破速度谱与位移谱的优势频率和振幅峰值的分布主要在中频与中低频区域，直到最后优势频率与振幅峰值均集中在低频区域。然而，地震与爆破地震的速度谱与位移谱在震中距较大时，差异不再明显。研究结果表明，这种现象可作为地震台站人员快速识别人工爆破和天然地震的一项有效指标，对提高地震监测准确性和地震应急响应具有重要意义。

Abstract: This study aims to address the issue of distinguishing industrial explosions from natural earth-quakes, to enhance the rapid recognition ability of seismic monitoring station personnel. We conducted a spectral analysis and comparison of industrial explosions and natural earthquakes recorded in the same region by the Gannan Digital Seismic Network. The waveform morphology of industrial explosions and natural earthquakes was found to be significantly similar. However, at recording stations closer to the epicenter (within 30 km), the spectral differences between the two became more apparent. The dominant frequency and amplitude peak of the velocity and displacement spectra of natural earthquakes are primarily concentrated in the low-frequency region, while industrial explosions do not display a clear dominant frequency, and the frequency distribution is more uniform. As the epicentral distance increases, the distribution of the dominant frequency and amplitude peak of the earthquake and explosion velocity and displacement spectra are mainly in the mid-frequency and mid-to-low frequency regions, until ultimately, both are concentrated in the low-frequency region. However, the differences between the velocity and displacement spectra of the earthquakes and explosions are not significantly noticeable at larger epicentral distances. The results of this study suggest that this phenomenon can serve as an effective indicator for seismic station personnel to rapidly distinguish between industrial explosions and natural earthquakes. This has significant implications for improving the accuracy of earthquake monitoring and emergency response capabilities.