减糖行动剧对儿童营养态度的影响

Impact of Drama about Sugar Reduction on the Nutritional Attitude of School Children

摘要: 探讨减糖戏剧介入饮食营养教育对小学儿童行为的影响。研究采用前测与后测试验设计，对小学二~三年级儿童介入减糖行动戏剧，介入前、后一个月与后六个月分别给予自编问卷，评估学童减糖营养知识与饮食技巧。学童有效样本数为1075人，前后测问卷有效平均回收率为58%。研究结果发现儿童想吃甜食或喝含糖饮料的动机常为正餐摄食量不足与同侪影响。在戏剧介入后，儿童对减少糖摄取的好处、喝白开水的优点和减糖技巧的显著性差异效果可以持续至戏剧介入后六个月。儿童同意牛奶与坚果需要每天都要补充的百分比显著增加。戏剧介入一个月与六个月后，在含糖红茶、调味果汁、牛肉干等饮料或加工零食，需要每天减少摄取的认知率具有显著差异。此外，戏剧介入显著提高儿童在健康行为自我效能的总分，例如“每天不吃甜食、每天不喝含糖饮料、每天多吃健康的食物对我来说是非常容易的事情”。研究推测儿童对减糖与避免加工食品的摄食行为处于跨理论模式中的意图期。营养教育未来目标需加强儿童深入了解减少糖分及加工食品摄取对身体带来的影响，而让儿童愿意主动改变饮食行为。

Abstract: The purposes of the study were to explore the impact of sugar reduction drama on children’s nutritional behavior. Using a pre-test and post-test design, the children in the second to third grades of elementary school were given self-made questionnaires before, one month and six months after the intervention to evaluate the nutritional knowledge and food selection skills. The sample number of children was 1075, and the average recovery rate of valid questionnaires was 58%. We found that children’s craving for sweets or sugary drinks was motivated by insufficient meals and peer influence. There were significant differences on the bene-fits of reducing sugar intake, the advantages of drinking water and the correct sugar reduction skills in tested students, and the significant differences persisted to six months after the interven-tion. There was a significant increase in the percentage of children who agreed that milk and nuts should be supplemented daily. After one month and six months of drama intervention, there was a significant difference in the food cognition in children of reducing daily intake of sugary black tea, flavored fruit juice, and beef jerky. Drama intervention significantly improved the total score of children’s self-efficacy in healthy behaviors. For example, it is very easy for me not eating sweets, not drinking sugary drinks, and eating more healthy food every day. The results of study speculate that children’s eating behaviors towards sugar reduction and avoidance of processed foods are in the contemplation stage of the trans theoretical model. Therefore, the future goal of nutrition edu-cation is to enhance school children’s awareness of the impact of reducing sugar and processed food intake on the body, and to promote children’s willingness to change behavior.