基于倾斜摄影测量技术和点云数据的古建筑三维模型构建

Construction of 3D Model of Ancient Buildings Based on Oblique Photogrammetry and Point Cloud Data

摘要: 针对古建筑三维建模中使用单一技术手段测量导致的结构缺失、精度低、图像拉花和破洞等问题，研究基于倾斜影像与点云数据的古建筑三维模型构建方法。使用无人机和激光扫描仪采集的倾斜影像数据和激光点云数据，并预处理上述数据，通过新特征点配准算法实现两种数据融合，得出准确完整的古建筑三维数据。提取轮廓线，使用Revit软件构建古建筑的BIM三维模型，对所得模型纹理贴图，实现古建筑的三维模型构建。实验结果表明：该方法可以获取完整的、高精度的古建筑三维数据，以此构建的古建筑BIM三维模型的精准度和完整度都很高，而且结构清晰、纹理清楚、效果逼真，具有优秀的建模性能。

Abstract: Aiming at the problems of structural missing, low accuracy, image broken, and holes caused by the use of single technical means in 3D modeling of ancient buildings, a method for building 3D models of ancient buildings based on oblique images and point cloud data was studied. Use unmanned aer-ial vehicles and laser scanners to collect oblique image data and laser point cloud data of ancient buildings, preprocess the above data, and achieve two data fusion through a new feature point reg-istration algorithm to obtain accurate and complete three-dimensional data of ancient buildings. Extract the contour lines of ancient buildings, use Revit software to build BIM 3D models of ancient buildings, and map the resulting model texture to achieve 3D model construction of ancient build-ings. The experimental results show that this method can obtain complete and high-precision 3D data of ancient buildings, and the accuracy and completeness of the BIM 3D model of ancient build-ings constructed based on this method are very high. Moreover, the structure is clear, the texture is clear, and the effect is lifelike, with excellent modeling performance.