不同形式的视觉刺激之间无意识语义整合的局限性

Limitations of Unconscious Semantic Integration between Different Forms of Visual Stimuli

摘要: 相比单一无意识刺激的加工，无意识信息整合作为更高层次的无意识信息加工得到了越来越多的研究，但是不同形式之间的无意识信息整合研究较少。本研究利用无意识掩蔽范式和“相同–不同”实验任务，对常见的文字和图片信息无意识整合的可能性进行了研究。实验中，在被掩蔽刺激中同时并排呈现一个双字汉字词语和一张图片，词语和图片都可以是水果或工具类，研究被掩蔽的词语和图片之间的类别一致性是否会影响后续对可见的目标刺激中类别一致性判断的反应。结果显示，没有证据表明词语和图片之间能够进行无意识语义信息整合。结合前人对单一形式的词语之间无意识整合的证据，本研究结果提示无意识语义整合存在跨形式视觉刺激的局限性。

Abstract: Compared with the unconscious processing of a single stimulus, unconscious information integra-tion, as a higher-level unconscious information processing of the relationship between multiple stimuli, has received more and more attention and research. However, there are few studies on the integration of unconscious information between different forms. This study investigates the possi-bility of unconscious integration between common text and picture information by using the widely used masking experimental paradigm and the “same-different” experimental task which are bene-ficial to the study of unconscious integration. In the experiment, a two-character Chinese character word and a picture were presented side by side as the masked prime, and both the word and pic-ture were fruit or tool category. By observing whether the category consistency between the masked word and picture will affect the subsequent response to the category consistency judgment in the visible target, we can evaluate whether the brain can unconsciously integrate the category consistency between the masked word and picture. The experimental results do not support the hypothesis that unconscious semantic information can be integrated between word and picture. Combined with the previous evidence of unconscious integration between different words or pic-tures of the same stimulus form, the results of this study suggest that unconscious semantic inte-gration has the limitation of cross-visual stimulation.