突发公共卫生事件下城市应急物流配送中心选址问题

The Location Problem of Urban Emergency Logistics Distribution Center under Public Health Emergencies

摘要: 近年来，各类突发公共卫生事件突然爆发，尤其是重大传染性病毒，导致社会生活的各个方面都受到了极为严重的影响。在突发情况下，全国上下各地都面临着物资紧缺、配送速度慢等问题，为了将应急物资更快速更准确地配送到受灾区，建立城市应急物流配送中心意义重大，而应急物流配送中心的选址问题尤为关键。合理的选址不仅可以使物资快速而精准地配送到有需要的地方，解决灾区物资需求问题，还可以节省配送时间，缩短配送路线和配送费用，从而减少灾情带来的损失。本文基于k-means聚类算法和重心法建立选址模型，以湖北省为例，根据湖北省各地区的地理坐标、物资需求量等数据，代入模型进行实证研究，最终在湖北省选出合理的应急物流配送中心位置，从而验证了该模型的现实可行性。

Abstract: In recent years, the sudden outbreak of all kinds of public health emergencies, especially major infectious viruses, has caused extremely serious impact on all aspects of social life. In emergencies, all parts of the country are faced with shortages of materials, slow distribution and other problems. In order to deliver emergency supplies to the affected areas more quickly and accurately, it is of great significance to establish urban emergency logistics distribution centers, and the location of emergency logistics distribution centers is particularly critical. Reasonable site selection can not only quickly and accurately distribute materials to places in need, solve the problem of material demand in disaster areas, but also save distribution time, shorten distribution routes and distribution costs, so as to reduce the loss caused by the disaster. This paper establishes a location selection model based on k-means clustering algorithm and gravity center method. Taking Hubei Province as an example, this paper uses the geographical coordinates and material demand data of various regions in Hubei Province to conduct empirical research, and finally selects a reasonable location of emergency logistics distribution center in Hubei Province, thus verifying the realistic feasibility of this model.