楚雄市龙川江流域土壤侵蚀时空变化特征研究

Characteristics of Spatial and Temporal Changes of Soil Erosion in Longchuan River Basin, Chuxiong City

摘要: 土地作为人类赖以生存的根基，目前土壤侵蚀正制约着经济和环境问题。本文采用现目前广泛使用的RUSLE (修正土壤流失方程)对楚雄市龙川江流域土壤侵蚀强度特征进行研究。研究发现：楚雄市龙川江流域水土流失2012年没有剧烈侵蚀区域，2017年、2022年涵盖了土壤侵蚀的六个等级；从三期土壤侵蚀强度来看，所占比重最大的均为微度侵蚀和轻度侵蚀区域，二者面积超过区域侵蚀总面积的80%；从不同时期的土地利用类型的侵蚀情况来看，未利用地的平均侵蚀模数一直较高，侵蚀量却是最小；草地、耕地和林地三种土地利用类型都属于轻度侵蚀，但有着高侵蚀量；水域一直处于微度侵蚀，但平均侵蚀模数和侵蚀量都在增长，呈增长趋势；建设用地在2012年属于微度侵蚀，随着建设用地的增加，平均侵蚀模数增长为轻度侵蚀，侵蚀量也在增加。

Abstract: Land is the foundation of human survival, and soil erosion is currently constraining economic and environmental problems. This paper adopts the now widely used RUSLE (Revised Soil Loss Equation) to characterize the intensity of soil erosion in Longchuan River Basin of Chuxiong City. The results show that there was no severe erosion area in Longchuan River Basin of Chuxiong City in 2012, and six grades of soil erosion were covered in 2017 and 2022. Judging from the intensity of soil erosion in the third phase, the areas with the largest proportion are slight erosion and slight erosion, which account for more than 80% of the total area of regional erosion; judging from the erosion situation of land use types in different periods, the average erosion modulus of unused land has been high, but the erosion amount is the smallest; grassland, cultivated land and forest land all belong to mild erosion, but they have high erosion; the water area has been slightly eroded, but the average erosion modulus and erosion amount are increasing, showing an increasing trend; construction land was slightly eroded in 2012. With the increase of construction land, the average erosion modulus increased to slight erosion, and the amount of erosion also increased.