| [1] | 沈萍, 陈向东. 微生物学[M]. 第8版. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2016. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [2] | 冯五文, 乐世俊, 刘娟, 等. 基于肠道菌群探讨中药的活性成分及效应物质发现[J]. 中草药, 2020, 51(7): 1914-1923. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [3] | 袁榴翼, 李小锦, 尹清晟, 等. 中药干预肠道菌群改善肠黏膜屏障功能的研究进展[J]. 中草药, 2018, 49(8): 1932-1938. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [4] | 王延年, 刘晓秋. 现代中药炮制[M]. 北京: 人民军医出版社, 2008. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [5] | 张仲景. 金匮要略[M]. 北京: 中医古籍出版社, 1997. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [6] | Li, L., Wang, L., Fan, W., Jiang, Y., Zhang, C., Li, J., Peng, W. and Wu, C. (2020) The Application of Fer-mentation Technology in Traditional Chinese Medicine: A Review. The American Journal of Chinese Medicine, 48, 899-921. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0192415X20500433
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [7] | 江苏新医学院. 中药大辞典(上册) [M]. 上海: 上海科学技术出版社, 1986: 784. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [8] | 胥敏, 吴纯洁, 严丹, 等. 中药发酵技术传承与创新的探索[J]. 中国实验方剂学杂志, 2015, 21(23): 230-234. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [9] | 汤兴利, 徐增莱, 夏冰, 等. 用盾叶薯蓣生产薯蓣皂苷元预发酵与水解条件优化[J]. 植物资源与环境学报, 2004, 13(3): 35-37. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [10] | 薛慧玲. 微生物发酵转化黄芩的研究[D]: [硕士学位论文]. 成都: 四川大学, 2006. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [11] | Moon, K. and Cha, J. (2020) Enhancement of Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Salvia miltiorrhiza Roots Fermented with Aspergillus oryzae. Foods, 9, Article 34. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods9010034
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [12] | 朱舟, 伍朝君, 陈玲. 天南星双向发酵炮制工艺研究[J]. 中国药业, 2017, 26(10): 7-10. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [13] | 黎量, 杨诗龙, 胥敏, 等. 基于电子鼻、电子舌技术的山楂气、味鉴别[J]. 中国实验方剂学杂志, 2015, 21(5): 99-102. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [14] | 黎江华, 吴纯洁, 孙灵根, 等. 基于机器视觉技术实现中药性状“形色”客观化表达的展望[J]. 中成药, 2011, 33(10): 1781-1784. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [15] | 苏贵龙. 益生菌FGM发酵对黄芪根、茎、叶主要活性成分含量的影响研究[D]: [硕士学位论文]. 北京: 中国农业科学院, 2017. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [16] | Lee, J.J., Kwon, H., Lee, J.H., Kim, D.G., Jung, S.H. and Ma, J.Y. (2014) Fermented Soshiho-Tang with Lactobacillus Plantarum Enhances the Antiprolifer-ative Activity in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 14, Article No. 78. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-14-78
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [17] | Wang, J.H., Bose, S., Kim, H.G., Han, K.S. and Kim, H. (2015) Fermented Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae Alleviates High Fat Diet-Induced Obesity in Association with Regula-tion of Intestinal Permeability and Microbiota in Rats. Scientific Reports, 5, Article No. 8391. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep08391
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [18] | 刘晓燕, 谢丹, 马立志, 等. 刺梨果渣发酵前后活性成分及抗氧化能力的比较研究[J]. 食品科技, 2021, 46(2): 16-24. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [19] | 孙凯峰, 包怡红. 微生物发酵对黑木耳总糖含量和体外调脂活性的影响[J]. 中草药, 2018, 49(16): 3781-3787. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [20] | 贾旭森. 新鲜白条党参酵母菌固体发酵工艺及其成分和抗氧化活性研究[D]: [硕士学位论文]. 兰州: 兰州大学, 2021. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [21] | 朱玉章, 王俊人, 李西子, 等. 低高级醇石榴酒的酵母筛选及发酵工艺优化[J]. 现代食品科技, 2021, 37(4): 64-71. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [22] | 代文豪. 发酵法炮制巴戟天工艺优化及其活性成分变化研究[D]: [硕士学位论文]. 广州: 华南理工大学, 2018. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [23] | Yang, H.J., Kwon, D.Y., Moon, N.R., Kim, M.J., Kang, H.J., Jung, D.Y. and Park, S. (2013) Soybean Fermentation with Bacillus licheniformis Increases Insulin Sensitizing and Insulinotropic Activity. Food & Function, 4, 1675-1684. https://doi.org/10.1039/c3fo60198f
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [24] | 杜晨晖, 闫艳, 冯前进, 等. 葛根芩连汤发酵前后总黄酮和总生物碱含量变化研究[J]. 中华中医药杂志, 2016, 31(11): 4850-4853. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [25] | Sheih, I. C., Fang, T. J., Wu, T. K., Chang, C. H. and Chen, R. Y. (2011) Purification and Properties of a Novel Phenolic Antioxidant from Radix astragali Fermented by Aspergillus oryzae M29. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 59, 6520-6525. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf2011547
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [26] | Cao, G., Ma, F., Xu, J. and Zhang, Y. (2020) Microbial Community Suc-cession and Toxic Alkaloids Change during Fermentation of Huafeng Dan Yaomu. Letters in Applied Microbiology, 70, 318-325. https://doi.org/10.1111/lam.13276
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [27] | 辛宇, 邱智东, 伍法杰, 等. 灵芝菌生物发酵北五味子果汁降酸工艺优化及其护肝作用[J]. 食品工业科技, 2020, 41(2): 177-182 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [28] | 何栾樱, 林子淳, 卢建东, 等. 基于灵芝双向固体发酵雷公藤减毒持效的研究[J]. 北京化工大学学报(自然科学版), 2021, 48(4): 48-56. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [29] | 李梦颖, 杨晔, 董媛媛, 等. 茯苓-丹参共发酵体系及其产物对糖尿病小鼠降血糖作用的影响[J]. 食品研究与开发, 2020, 41(4): 1-6. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [30] | 侯衍英, 刘文忠, 李存能, 等. 红曲霉-丹参双向固态发酵工艺条件优化[J]. 化学与生物工程, 2018, 35(9): 55-59. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [31] | 杨静云, 赖永勤, 李宇兴, 等. 山楂、泽泻、决明子与红曲霉混合发酵制备调血脂中药工艺研究[J]. 中草药, 2016, 47(12): 2100-2107. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [32] | 金红芝, 李堃宝. 人肠道微生态系统的研究进展[J]. 自然杂志, 2004, 26(2): 88-91. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [33] | 刘昌孝. 肠道菌群与健康、疾病和药物作用的影响[J]. 中国抗生素杂志, 2018, 43(1): 1-14 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [34] | Koppel, N., Maini Rekdal, V. and Balskus, E.P. (2017) Chemical Transformation of Xenobiotics by the Hu-man Gut Microbiota. Science, 356, eaag2770. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aag2770
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [35] | Li, G., Xie, C., Lu, S., Nichols, R.G., Tian, Y., Li, L., Patel, D., Ma, Y., Brocker, C.N., Yan, T., Krausz, K.W., Xiang, R., Gavrilova, O., Pat-terson, A.D. and Gonzalez, F.J. (2017) Intermittent Fasting Promotes White Adipose Browning and Decreases Obesity by Shaping the Gut Microbiota. Cell Metabolism, 26, 672-685. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2017.08.019
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [36] | Jandhyala, S.M., Talukdar, R., Subramanyam, C., Vuyyuru, H., Sasikala, M. and Nageshwar Reddy, D. (2015) Role of the Normal Gut Microbiota. World Journal of Gastroenterology, 21, 8787-8803. https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v21.i29.8787
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [37] | Jie, Z., Xia, H., Zhong, S.L., Feng, Q., Li, S., Liang, S., Zhong, H., Liu, Z., Gao, Y., Zhao, H., et al. (2017) The Gut Microbiome in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease. Nature Com-munications, 8, Article No. 845. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-00900-1
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [38] | Sousa, T., Paterson, R., Moore, V., Carlsson, A., Abrahamsson, B. and Basit, A.W. (2008) The Gastrointestinal Microbiota as a Site for the Biotransformation of Drugs. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 363, 1-25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2008.07.009
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [39] | 谢果珍, 黄莉莉, 张水寒, 等. 肠道微生物代谢苷类化合物的研究进展[J]. 天然产物研究与开发, 2022, 34(7): 1261-1271. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [40] | Guo, Y.P., Chen, M.Y., Shao, L., Zhang, W., Rao, T., Zhou, H.H. and Huang, W.H. (2019) Quantification of Panax notoginseng saponins Metabolites in Rat Plasma with in Vivo Gut Microbiota-Mediated Biotransformation by HPLC-MS/MS. Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines, 17, 231-240. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1875-5364(19)30026-3
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [41] | 赵宇峰, 宋凤瑞, 国新华, 等. 利用软电离质谱技术研究乌头碱在肠内细菌中的生物转化[J]. 高等学校化学学报, 2008, 29(1): 55-59. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [42] | El Kaoutari, A., Ar-mougom, F., Gordon, J.I., Raoult, D. and Henrissat, B. (2013) The Abundance and Variety of Carbohydrate-Active En-zymes in the Human Gut Microbiota. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 11, 497-504. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro3050
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [43] | Matsumoto, M., Ishige, A., Yazawa, Y., Kondo, M., Muramatsu, K. and Watanabe, K. (2012) Promotion of Intestinal Peristalsis by Bifidobacterium spp. Capable of Hydrolysing Sennosides in Mice. PLOS ONE, 7, e31700. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0031700
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [44] | 张智, 包智影, 孙家佳, 等. 发酵黄精多糖对肥胖小鼠肠道菌群的影响[J]. 华南理工大学学报(自然科学版), 2021, 49(3): 95-105. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [45] | 朱青, 王晓歌, 王奇, 等. 消脂汤对非酒精性脂肪性肝炎小鼠肠道主要菌群的影响[J]. 中国实验方剂学杂志, 2017, 23(14): 164-170. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [46] | Cockburn, D.W. and Koropatkin, N.M. (2016) Polysaccharide Degradation by the Intestinal Microbiota and Its Influence on Human Health and Disease. Journal of Molecular Biology, 428, 3230-3252. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2016.06.021
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [47] | Liu, L., Li, M., Yu, M., Shen, M., Wang, Q., Yu, Y. and Xie, J. (2019) Natural Polysaccharides Exhibit Anti-Tumor Activity by Targeting Gut Microbiota. International Journal of Bio-logical Macromolecules, 121, 743-751. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.10.083
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [48] | 罗海华, 董姝, 张晟, 等. 黄连解毒汤对小鼠肠道菌群的影响[J]. 热带医学杂志, 2009, 9(4): 369-371. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [49] | Yu, J., Guo, J., Tao, W., Liu, P., Shang, E., Zhu, Z., Fan, X., Shen, J., Hua, Y., Zhu, K.Y., Tang, Y. and Duan, J.A. (2018) Gancao-Gansui Combination Impacts Gut Microbiota Diversity and Related Metabolic Functions. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 214, 71-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2017.11.031
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [50] | 吴云, 陈瑞, 田维毅. 苦寒中药对肠道菌群结构影响的研究进展[J]. 中国微生态学杂志, 2015, 27(2): 235-239. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [51] | 李自辉, 陈平平, 王宇, 等. 基于高通量测序技术的黄芩提取物对热证模型大鼠肠道菌群多样性的影响[J]. 中草药, 2021, 52(2): 422-431. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [52] | Buglioni, A. and Burnett, J.C. (2013) A Gut-Heart Connection in Cardiometabolic Regulation. Nature Medicine, 19, 534-536. https://doi.org/10.1038/nm.3196
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [53] | Petra, A.I., Panagiotidou, S., Hatziagelaki, E., Stewart, J.M., Conti, P. and Theoharides, T.C. (2015) Gut-Microbiota-Brain Axis and Its Effect on Neuropsychiatric Disorders with Suspected Im-mune Dysregulation. Clinical Therapeutics, 37, 984-995. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinthera.2015.04.002
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [54] | Budden, K.F., Gellatly, S.L., Wood, D.L., Cooper, M.A., Mor-rison, M., Hugenholtz, P. and Hansbro, P.M. (2017) Emerging Pathogenic Links between Microbiota and the Gut-Lung Axis. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 15, 55-63. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro.2016.142
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [55] | 李艳, 项丽玲, 郭晖, 等. 基于“心与小肠相表里”的肠道菌群对中枢神经系统的影响及中药干预[J]. 中草药, 2019, 50(6): 1493-1498. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [56] | Kawata, Y., Hattori, M., Akao, T., Ko-bashi, K. and Namba, T. (1991) Formation of Nitrogen-Containing Metabolites from Geniposide and Gardenoside by Human Intestinal Bacteria. Planta Medica, 57, 536-542. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-960201
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [57] | Braune, A. and Blaut, M. (2011) Deglycosylation of Puerarin and Other Aromatic C-Glucosides by a Newly Isolated Human Intestinal Bacterium. Environmental Microbiology, 13, 482-494. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2010.02352.x
 | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [58] | 郭雪健, 李彬春, 赵邑, 等. 人源肠道菌中转化连翘苷制备连翘脂素的菌株筛选及固定化[J]. 天然产物研究与开发, 2021, 33(12): 2090-2098. | 
                     
                                
                                    
                                        | [59] | 柯仲成, 杨楠, 侯雪峰, 等. 大鼠肠道菌群对芍药苷体外代谢转化的研究[J]. 中国中药杂志, 2016, 41(20): 3839-3845. |