受益人偿还范围的研究

Study on the Scope of Reimbursement to Beneficiaries

摘要: 《民法典》新增了无因管理制度的规定，使无因管理的规定体系化、全面化。美中不足的是，在受益人偿还范围方面立法并没有做出明确的规定，仍延续了《民法通则》的规定，对“必要费用”和“补偿”的具体内涵没有做出明确的界定。当前对必要费用和补偿的范围多有争论，应结合无因管理制度的立法目的与体系分析等方法，可以对受益人偿还范围进行明确，损害赔偿应明确排除出必要费用赔偿的范围，对管理人的报酬请求权与精神损害赔偿等与受益人偿还范围之间也应当明确地界分。

Abstract: The Civil Code has added new provisions on causeless management, which have systematized and made the provisions on causeless management comprehensive. What is lacking is that the legislation does not make clear provisions on the scope of reimbursement by beneficiaries but continues the provisions of the General Principles of the Civil Law and does not clearly define the specific content of “necessary expenses” and “compensation”. Currently, there are many debates on the scope of necessary expenses and compensation, which should be combined with the legislative purpose of the causeless management system and systematic analyses, so that the scope of reimbursement to beneficiaries can be clarified. Damages should be explicitly excluded from the scope of compensation for necessary expenses. There should be a clear distinction between the manager’s right to remuneration and compensation for moral damages, etc., and the scope of reimbursement to beneficiaries.