基于IMB模型的某医学高校女大学生HPV疫苗接种意愿及其影响因素研究

Study on HPV Vaccination Intention and Its Influencing Factors on Female College Students in a Medical College Based on IMB Model

摘要: 目的：了解西南地区某医学高校女大学生HPV疫苗的接种意愿及影响因素。方法：2023年7月至8月，采用便利抽样方法，使用自填式网络问卷，采用基于信息–动机–行为技巧模型的问卷收集个人基本信息、HPV相关知识调研、HPV相关知晓情况、动机、技巧、接种意愿等数据。采用二元logistic回归模型分析影响女大学生接种HPV疫苗意愿的相关因素，对IMB模块建立结构方程模型，进行验证性分析和路径分析。结果：833名研究对象中，有590名愿意接种HPV疫苗(70.8%)。HPV及HPV疫苗认知水平越高，其对HPV疫苗的接种意愿高(P < 0.001)。生源地为城镇、家庭经济水平较高、有过性行为、HPV知晓程度高、有家庭和朋友的支持、掌握HPV疫苗渠道技巧和接种准备的女大学生对HPV疫苗的接种意愿更高。结论：研究对象HPV疫苗接种意愿受认知水平、动机和行为技巧影响，疫苗难以预约和疫苗费用高昂是阻碍接种疫苗的主要原因。

Abstract: Objective: To understand the willingness to receive HPV vaccination and the factors influencing it among female college students in a medical college in Southwest China. Methods: From July to August 2023, data on personal basic information, HPV-related knowledge research, HPV-related knowledge, motivation, skills, and willingness to be vaccinated were collected by convenience sampling method using a self-administered web-based questionnaire based on the information- motivation-behavioral skills model (IMBM). The binary logistic regression model was used to analyze the relevant factors affecting female college students’ willingness to receive HPV vaccination, and structural equation modeling of the IMB module was used for validation analysis and path analysis. Results: Of the 833 study subjects, 590 were willing to receive HPV vaccination. The higher the level of awareness of HPV and HPV vaccine is, the higher their willingness to receive HPV vaccine (P < 0.001). Female college students with higher family economic levels, having had sexual intercourse, high parental knowledge of HPV, support from family and friends, and mastery of HPV vaccine channeling skills and vaccination preparation had a higher willingness to be vaccinated with the HPV vaccine. Conclusion: The HPV vaccination willingness of study participants was influenced by cognitive level, motivation and behavioral skills, and the difficulty of vaccine booking and the high cost of vaccine were the main reasons hindering vaccination.