老年2型糖尿病患者膀胱过度活动症现状及其心理状况分析

Status and Psychological Analysis of Bladder Overactivity in Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

摘要: 目的：分析老年2型糖尿病患者膀胱过度活动症(OAB)现状及其焦虑、抑郁水平，并探讨其之间的关系，为开展以患者为中心的生物–心理–社会医学模式的整体性护理提供相关依据。方法：采用便利抽样法，选取2022年7月~2023年10月于延安市某三甲医院泌尿外科、吴起县人民医院普外科的老年2型糖尿病合并膀胱过度活动症患者作为研究对象，选用一般资料调查表、OAB症状评分量表(OABSS)、Zung焦虑、抑郁自评量表(SAS、SDS)进行调查。采用单因素分析对比分析两组资料的差异，相关性分析探讨患者OAB症状与焦虑、抑郁间的关系。结果：该研究共纳入214例老年T2DM患者，OAB发生率为33.17%。研究显示伴有OAB的患者焦虑、抑郁平均得分为40分、52.43分，均高于无OAB患者，Spearman相关分析显示，老年T2DM患者OAB症状与其焦虑(r = 0.506)、抑郁水平(r = 0.416)存在正相关(P < 0.001)。结论：老年T2DM患者OAB发生率较高，其中伴有合并症的老年T2DM男性患者OAB发生率较高，OAB患者焦虑、抑郁水平较高，其之间存在正相关关系。临床应特别关注有OAB症状的老年糖尿病患者，并进行常规的焦虑、抑郁筛查的评估，以便于提供相关干预，提高其生活质量。

Abstract: Objective: To analyze the status quo of overactive bladder, anxiety and depression in elderly pa-tients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and explore the relationship between them, so as to provide relevant evidence for patient-centered biologic-psycho-social medical holistic care. Methods: Con-venience sampling method was used to select elderly patients with type 2 diabetes combined with overactive bladder from July 2022 to October 2023 in the Department of Urology, a third class hos-pital in Yan’an City and the Department of General Surgery in Wuqi County People’s Hospital. Gen-eral data Questionnaire, OAB Symptom Rating Scale (OABSS), Zung Self-rating Scale for Anxiety and Depression (SAS, SDS) were used to investigate. Single factor analysis was used to compare and an-alyze the difference between the two groups of data, and correlation analysis was used to explore the relationship between patients’ OAB symptoms and anxiety and depression. Results: A total of 214 elderly T2DM patients were included in this study, and the incidence of OAB was 33.17%. The study showed that the average scores of anxiety and depression in patients with OAB were 40 points and 52.43 points, both higher than those in patients without OAB. Spearman correlation analysis showed that OAB symptoms were positively correlated with anxiety (r = 0.506) and de-pression (r = 0.416) in elderly T2DM patients (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Elderly T2DM patients have a higher incidence of OAB, among which elderly male T2DM patients with comorbidities have a high-er incidence of OAB, and OAB patients have a higher level of anxiety and depression, and there is a positive correlation between them. Special clinical attention should be paid to elderly diabetic pa-tients with OAB symptoms, and routine evaluation of anxiety and depression screening should be conducted in order to provide relevant interventions to improve their quality of life.