基于Hyperworks和LS-DYNA的类蜂窝结构吸能效果分析和优化

Analysis and Optimization of Energy Absorption Effect of Honeycomb-Like Structures Based on Hyperworks and LS-DYNA

摘要: 蜂窝结构的材料具有相对密度低、韧性高、重量轻、隔热隔音效果好、吸能性能好等特点。因为蜂窝结构有这些优点，所以它被大量应用于航天、机械、包装、汽车等领域。以蜂窝结构为切入点，对其吸能性能进行研究时，从面内冲击、面外冲击两个方面进行了深入探讨。就前者而言，可将其优势充分反映出来，且在工程应用方面有着更大的价值。因此本文将研究蜂窝结构壁厚和折角对吸能性能的影响和优化分析。首先，基于有限元分析方法分析了蜂窝结构在面内的冲击载荷作用下，在固定区域内蜂窝结构胞体的壁厚、折角对蜂窝结构总吸能、总质量、比吸能的影响。最后，以结构壁厚和折角作为设计变量，以比吸能和质量作为优化目标，建立近似代理模型，运用第二代非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-II)对多胞结构进行了多目标优化设计，得到了结构的pareto解集，经多目标优化后的结构达到了固定区域内最大总吸能、最小总质量。

Abstract: The materials of honeycomb structure have the characteristics of low relative density, high tough-ness, lightweight, good insulation and sound insulation effect, and good energy absorption perfor-mance. Due to these advantages, honeycomb structures are widely used in fields such as aerospace, machinery, packaging, and automobiles. When studying the energy absorption performance of honeycomb structures as a starting point, in-depth discussions were conducted from two aspects: In-plane impact and out-of-plane impact. As for the former, its advantages can be fully reflected and have greater value in engineering applications. Therefore, this article will study the impact and op-timization analysis of honeycomb structure wall thickness and bending angle on energy absorption performance. Firstly, based on the finite element analysis method, the influence of the wall thick-ness and bending angle of the honeycomb structure cell on the total energy absorption, total mass, and specific energy absorption of the honeycomb structure in a fixed area under the impact load in the plane of the honeycomb structure was analyzed. Finally, with the structural wall thickness and bending angle as design variables and the specific energy absorption and mass as optimization ob-jectives, an approximate surrogate model was established. The second generation non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) was used for the multi-objective optimization design of mul-ti-cell structures, and the pareto solution set of the structure was obtained. After multi-objective optimization, the structure achieved the maximum total energy absorption and minimum total mass in a fixed area.