家庭社会经济地位对大学生未来取向的预测：心理资本的中介效应

The Prediction of Family Socioeconomic Status on College Students’ Future Orientation: The Moderating Effect of Psychological Capital

摘要: 为探讨家庭社会经济地位对大学生未来取向的影响机制，并检验心理资本的中介效应模型及其模型适用性，选取162名高校大学生为实验对象，采用MacArthur阶梯量表、“未来结果考量–未来”分量表、积极心理资本问卷进行测试，借此构建三个变量之间的关系模型，探索促进大学生未来取向积极发展的内在机制。结果表明：主观家庭社会经济地位能够正向预测大学生未来取向；心理资本在主观家庭SES与大学生未来取向之间起完全中介作用，即生活在低家庭SES的大学生，对未来发展缺乏信心，从而在面对未来时做出短视化决策；反之高家庭SES的大学生更相信自己能够把握未来，在决策未来时更倾向于考虑长远发展。

Abstract: In order to explore the influence mechanism of family socioeconomic status on college students’ fu-ture orientation, and to test the mediating effect model of psychological capital and its applicability, 162 college students were selected as experimental subjects. MacArthur Ladder Scale, “Future Outcome Consideration - Future” subscale and positive psychological capital questionnaire were used to test. The relationship model between the three variables is constructed to explore the in-ternal mechanism of promoting the positive development of college students’ future orientation. The results show that: Subjective family socioeconomic status can positively predict college stu-dents’ future orientation; psychological capital plays a complete mediating role between subjective family SES and college students’ future orientation, that is, college students living in low family SES lack confidence in future development, and thus make short-sighted decisions when facing the fu-ture; on the contrary, college students with high family SES are more confident that they can grasp the future and tend to consider long-term development when making future decisions.