外立面突出构件对高层建筑风荷载特性影响研究

Study on the Influence of Facade Protruding Members on Wind Load Characteristics of High-Rise Buildings

摘要: 为研究方形高层建筑表面外立面突出构件对高层建筑风荷载的影响，通过在光滑表面分别贴11种不同形式突出构件的方法改变建筑表面外立面突出构件，进行方形高层建筑模型测压试验，得到各工况下层风力系数，进而分析了矩形格栅工况下层风力功率谱和相关性的影响。研究表明：三种模型表面的布置均会增大建筑脉动阻力系数，矩形格栅和水平板的布置会略微增大平均阻力系数，竖向板和矩形格栅的布置都会减小脉动升力系数，增幅随测点层高度的下降而增大。表面布有矩形格栅板会降低建筑物横风向脉动风荷载，但宽度越大，降低效果越不明显，甚至当宽度增大到一定程度时，会增大建筑物横风向脉动风荷载。矩形格栅框基本上既不会改变横风向脉动层风力功率谱也不会改变层风力相关性，只有增加矩形格栅框厚度时会略微改变。总的来说，方形建筑表面布置合理尺寸的水平板、竖向板、矩形格栅有利于气动优化。

Abstract: To study the effect of protruding components on the wind load of square high-rise buildings, 11 different forms of protruding components were pasted on smooth surfaces to change the protruding components on the building surface. A square high-rise building model pressure test was conducted to obtain the wind force coefficients of the lower layer under each working condition, and then the influence of the wind power spectrum and correlation of the lower layer under the rectangular grid working condition was analyzed. Research has shown that the arrangement of the three model surfaces will increase the building’s pulsation resistance coefficient, while the arrangement of rectangular grids and horizontal plates will slightly increase the average resistance coefficient. The arrangement of vertical plates and rectangular grids will reduce the pulsation lift coefficient, and the increase will increase with the decrease of the measurement point layer height. The presence of rectangular grid panels on the surface can reduce the crosswind pulsating wind load on buildings, but the wider the width, the less significant the reduction effect. Even when the width increases to a certain extent, it will increase the crosswind pulsating wind load on buildings. The rectangular grid frame basically does not change the crosswind fluctuation layer wind power spectrum or the layer wind correlation, only slightly changes when the thickness of the rectangular grid frame is increased. Overall, the rational arrangement of horizontal and vertical panels, as well as rectangular grilles on the surface of square buildings, is beneficial for aerodynamic optimization.