真菌蛋白对于高脂饮食摄取小鼠体脂及肠道菌群变化之探讨

Effects of Mycoprotein on Body Fat and Gut Microbiota in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice

摘要: 因为全球在饮食上对于健康要求及环境保护等意识提升，非动物性来源之替代性蛋白的重要性亦随之增加。本研究将针对发酵来源的真菌蛋白(Fusarium venenatum菌丝体)以及传统植物来源的大豆蛋白两种替代性蛋白对于高脂饮食诱发之体重、体脂肪及肠道菌群变化进行探讨。本实验将8周龄雄性C57BL/6小鼠分为负对照组、真菌蛋白组及大豆蛋白组共三组，连续喂食8周高脂饮食实验饲料，负对照组饲料蛋白质来源为酪蛋白，其他两组则分别以真菌蛋白或大豆蛋白进行取代。实验结果指出，真菌蛋白可显著降低高脂饮食摄取小鼠的体重、血清三酸甘油酯含量、内脏脂肪与皮下脂肪重量。大豆蛋白则可显著降低小鼠肾脏周边脂肪重量。两种替代性蛋白对高脂饮食摄取小鼠的肠道菌群表现会造成不同程度的改变。综合以上试验结果，真菌蛋白及大豆蛋白对于高脂饮食摄取诱发之肥胖症状均具有改善效果，其中以真菌蛋白的改善效果更为显著，有望成为替代性蛋白市场上的新趋势。

Abstract: As the global awareness of dietary health requirements and environmental protection increases, the importance of alternative proteins from non-animal sources has increased as well. This study will explore the effects of two alternative proteins, fermented mycoprotein (Fusarium venenatum mycelium) and traditional plant-derived soy protein, on changes in body weight, body fat and gut microbiota induced by a high-fat diet. C57BL/6 mice were divided into three groups: negative control group, mycoprotein group and soy protein group. They were fed high-fat diet for 8 weeks to induce obesity symptoms. The protein source of the feed in the negative control group was casein, while the other two groups were replaced with mycoprotein or soy protein respectively. The results showed that mycoprotein significantly reduced the body weight, serum triglyceride content, visceral fat and subcutaneous fat in high-fat diet-fed mice. Soy protein significantly reduced the perirenal fat pads. Two alternative proteins can cause varying degrees of changes in the intestinal flora of high-fat diet-fed mice. Both mycoprotein and soybean protein have beneficial effects on improving obesity symptoms induced by high-fat diet intake. Among them, the improvement of mycoprotein is more effective and is expected to become a new trend in the alternative protein market.